(3)<\/a>, th\u00ec v\u00f4 minh (m\u00ea mu\u1ed9i, kh\u00f4ng s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t) l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1edfi ph\u00e1t cho m\u1ecdi tr\u1ea7m lu\u00e2n, h\u1ec7 l\u1ee5y.<\/p>\n\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3nh, do v\u00f4 minh<\/em> n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e2n nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00f4 ng\u00e3, v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m, v\u00ec v\u00f4 minh<\/em> n\u00ean quay cu\u1ed3ng theo s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t, vong th\u1ee9c. Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00f4 minh l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3.<\/p>\nN\u00f3i v\u1ec1 v\u00f4 minh c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00f4m nay \u0111\u00e2y, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2009, th\u00ec ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao tr\u00f9m \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00e2n t\u01a1 k\u1ebd t\u00f3c, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 v\u00f4 bi\u00ean, khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u1edf v\u1ecb th\u1ebf v\u00f4 minh. Ch\u00fang ta, t\u1ee9c khoa h\u1ecdc, ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi n\u1eafm v\u1eefng tr\u00ean ph\u1ea1m vi ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c 10% v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. 90% c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cV\u1eadt \u0110en\u201d (Dark matter \/ Mati\u00e8re noire)<\/em> h\u00f9ng c\u1ee9 trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 30 th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX. V\u1eadt \u0110en v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u h\u1ecfi l\u1edbn, v\u1eabn c\u00f2n trong d\u1ea1ng v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh, ch\u01b0a n\u1eafm b\u1eaft, hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft. V\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u00f2n che gi\u1ea5u 90% kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, n\u00ean ch\u00fang ta c\u00f2n v\u00f4 minh v\u1ec1 90% kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (v\u1eadt \u0111en) hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu. Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1t \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 10% m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. D\u1ec5 s\u1ee3 cho nh\u1eefng ai d\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eafc v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft hay th\u00f4ng tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\nT\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3m \u01b0u Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o n\u00f3i tr\u00ean m\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e0o luy\u1ec7n ra nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1i \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c th\u1ebf m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 h\u00f9ng tr\u00e1ng, nh\u01b0 S\u01b0 b\u00e0 Thi\u1ec1u Hoa (m\u1ed9t b\u00e0 Ni, t\u1ee9c n\u1eef tu) n\u0103m 36 T\u00e2y l\u1ecbch m\u1ed9 500 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ee9ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1edbi Hai B\u00e0 Tr\u01b0ng, r\u1ed3i t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed tham gia 9 cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Khu Li\u00ean, Chu \u0110\u1ea1t, L\u01b0\u01a1ng Long, Kh\u1ed5ng Chi v\u00e0 Tr\u1ee5 thi\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n (th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 II TL.)\u00a0; anh em b\u00e0 Tri\u1ec7u Th\u1ecb Trinh (n\u0103m 248 TL.)\u00a0; Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed L\u00fd Nam \u0110\u1ebf d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp V\u1ea1n Xu\u00e2n (n\u0103m 544 TL.), c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0, thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0, c\u01b0 s\u0129 Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed nh\u01b0 \u0110inh B\u1ed9 L\u0129nh, Khu\u00f4ng Vi\u1ec7t, V\u1ea1n H\u1ea1nh, L\u00fd C\u00f4ng U\u1ea9n, Tr\u1ea7n Th\u00e1i T\u00f4ng, Tr\u1ea7n Nh\u00e2n T\u00f4ng, Tr\u1ea7n H\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ea1o, L\u00fd Th\u01b0\u1eddng Ki\u1ec7t, Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u00e3i, v.v\u2026 qua c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0110inh, L\u00ea, L\u00fd, Tr\u1ea7n, L\u00ea trong vi\u1ec7c d\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u1ee9u ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n
M\u1ed9t \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m hi\u1ebfm th\u1ea5y so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u00c1 ch\u00e2u kh\u00e1c, l\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u01b0 s\u0129 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o tr\u00ean hai l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi. C\u01b0 s\u0129 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nam, n\u1eef Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed tu t\u1ea1i gia. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng C\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o tr\u00ean b\u1ed1n t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 (t\u1ee9 ch\u00fang)\u00a0: T\u0103ng (nam tu s\u0129), Ni (n\u1eef tu s\u0129), nam C\u01b0 s\u0129 tu t\u1ea1i gia v\u00e0 n\u1eef C\u01b0 s\u0129 tu t\u1ea1i gia. Nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ph\u1ed5 h\u1ec7 thi\u1ec1n t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt \u1ea5y. Th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c ph\u1ed5 h\u1ec7 thi\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u00f4n ph\u00e1i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea5y t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1eafc ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1eadc thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0, t\u1ee9c t\u0103ng s\u0129 (c\u00e1c v\u1ecb xu\u1ea5t gia). Nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u C\u01b0 s\u0129 \u0111\u1eafc ph\u00e1p trong c\u00e1c ph\u1ed5 h\u1ec7 thi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n
V\u00ec ph\u00e1p l\u00fd b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng<\/em> (ch\u1eef Ph\u1ea1n l\u00e0 sama<\/em>) trong gi\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt b\u1ecb sa s\u00fat, n\u00ean ng\u00e0y nay m\u1edbi c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng T\u0103ng s\u0129 xem C\u01b0 s\u0129 nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi sai v\u1eb7t, k\u1ebb th\u1ee7 t\u1eeb, ng\u01b0\u1eddi mang l\u1ea1i k\u00e9t ti\u1ec1n cho ch\u00f9a. Ch\u1ee9 x\u01b0a kia, C\u01b0 s\u0129 kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Vai tr\u00f2 C\u01b0 s\u0129 \u1edf th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m vai tr\u00f2 H\u1ed9 Ph\u00e1p<\/strong> (b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 gi\u00e1o l\u00fd gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9), c\u00f2n ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t c\u1ef1 ph\u00e1ch vi\u1ec7c H\u1ed9 D\u00e2n<\/strong> (c\u1ee9u d\u00e2n) v\u00e0 H\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c<\/strong> (b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 n\u01b0\u1edbc). C\u01b0 s\u0129 x\u00f4ng v\u00e0o th\u1ebf s\u1ef1 – ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 th\u1ebf t\u1ee5c – gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft vi\u1ec7c th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Ch\u1ea5t th\u1ebf<\/em> l\u1ea5n \u00e1t ch\u1ea5t t\u1ee5c<\/em> trong con ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u01b0 s\u0129 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o. Th\u1ebf \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 sinh m\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, m\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u tr\u00ean hai ph\u1ea1m tr\u00f9 th\u1eddi gian (th\u1ebf) v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian (gi\u1edbi).<\/p>\nD\u00f2ng thi\u1ec1n Ph\u00e1p V\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i T\u00ec Ni \u0110a L\u01b0u Chi k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 VI \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIII g\u1ed3m to\u00e0n c\u00e1c t\u0103ng s\u0129 \u0111\u1eafc ph\u00e1p (k\u1ebb n\u1eafm b\u1eaft ch\u00e2n l\u00fd gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt). Sang \u0111\u1ebfn d\u00f2ng thi\u1ec1n Ki\u1ebfn S\u01a1 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i V\u00f4 Ng\u00f4n Th\u00f4ng, t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 IX \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIII, th\u00ec 13% thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 \u0111\u1eafc ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 C\u01b0 s\u0129 (ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu t\u1ea1i gia). D\u00f2ng thi\u1ec1n Th\u1ea3o \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XI \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 r\u01b0\u1edfi sau c\u00f3 50% thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 \u0111\u1eafc ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 C\u01b0 s\u0129. Sau \u0111\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng thi\u1ec1n Tr\u00fac L\u00e2m Y\u00ean t\u1eed, \u0111\u1ec9nh cao c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi C\u01b0 s\u0129 tham d\u1ef1 trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ho\u00e0n m\u00e3n vi\u1ec7c th\u1ebf s\u1ef1, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng C\u01b0 tr\u1ea7n l\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ea1o<\/strong><\/em>– s\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i th\u1ebf nh\u1eb1m th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1o – \u0111\u00fang theo phong th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1eeba \u201cPh\u1eadt gi\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng l\u00eca th\u1ebf gian \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9\u201d<\/em> (Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o b\u1ea5t ly th\u1ebf gian gi\u00e1c). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p (s\u1ef1 l\u00fd trong \u0111\u1eddi) \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt Ph\u00e1p. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf h\u1eb3n nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 chung d\u1ef1 thi\u1ebft tha v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t. T\u00f4i quan ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/p>\nVua Tr\u1ea7n Nh\u00e2n T\u00f4ng hai l\u1ea7n c\u1ea7m qu\u00e2n ch\u1ed1ng Nguy\u00ean M\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1eafng, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t C\u01b0 s\u0129 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o. Sau tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Thi\u1ec1n t\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng Thi\u1ec1n Tr\u00fac L\u00e2m. Tr\u1ea7n H\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ea1o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01b0 s\u0129, Tu\u1ec7 Trung th\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u0129 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 c\u01b0 s\u0129 nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u1ea7m qu\u00e2n gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ed1ng Nguy\u00ean M\u00f4ng, xong vi\u1ec7c n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edbi tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 ch\u00f9a vi\u1ec7n. S\u1ef1 tham d\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u01b0 s\u0129 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, v\u0103n h\u00f3a, ngo\u1ea1i giao, kinh bang t\u1ebf th\u1ebf r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh d\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u1ee9u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, t\u1eeb cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a Hai B\u00e0 Tr\u01b0ng ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00e2u sau.<\/p>\n
\u0110i\u1ec3m khuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u1edf th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1o th\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u, nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng bao l\u0103m. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p nhi\u1ec1u, nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n gi\u00e1o l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi h\u1eb1ng nh\u1eadt qu\u00e1 hi\u1ebfm hoi. N\u00f3i t\u00f3m, tu \u0111\u1ea1o th\u00ec c\u00f3, h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f2n s\u01a1 s\u00e0i.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 v\u1eafng b\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi C\u01b0 s\u0129 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o tr\u00ean ch\u00ednh tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t. M\u1ed9t thi\u1ec7t th\u00f2i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean gi\u1edbi C\u01b0 s\u0129 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f4ng. Song h\u1ecd chuy\u00ean tu \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt h\u01a1n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o t\u1ee9c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n Ph\u1eadt trong \u0111\u1eddi. \u0110\u1ebfn khi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecd tham gia c\u00e1c phong tr\u00e0o phi Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3n Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, thay v\u00ec gia c\u00f4ng h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1edbi, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb bi v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7. N\u0103m 1963 cu\u1ed9c tranh \u0111\u1ea5u cho t\u1ef1 do t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0ng cho Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o mang l\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi<\/em> \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1 do, b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng, c\u00f4ng l\u00fd tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 th\u1ea3m s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n. Nh\u01b0ng gi\u1edbi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0y. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1966 tr\u1edf \u0111i cu\u1ed9c ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng cho t\u1edbi h\u00f4m nay, 2009. Kh\u1edfi t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a trong gi\u1edbi T\u0103ng l\u1eef l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ea5t tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh cu\u1ed9c ch\u1ed1ng tr\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea3o b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eb1m m\u1edf ra vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\nDo thi\u1ebfu ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, m\u1eafc c\u1ea1n trong ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c h\u1eb9p h\u00f2i, n\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u1eddi th\u1ebf, b\u1ecb c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i khuynh lo\u00e1t, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a gi\u1edbi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o l\u00e0m cho kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang v\u1ea1m v\u1ee1 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 t\u00ea li\u1ec7t theo.<\/p>\n
T\u00f4i c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m t\u01b0\u1edfng ng\u00e0y nay \u0111a s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng. Ti\u00eau \u0111\u00edch h\u1ecd nh\u1eafm l\u00e0 xin chi\u1ebfu kh\u00e1n v\u00e0o Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee9u kh\u1ed5 – tr\u1eeb di\u1ec7t v\u00f4 minh – c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 sinh th\u1ee9c \u201cC\u01b0 tr\u1ea7n l\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ea1o\u201d<\/strong> c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c.<\/p>\nM\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c do quan \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1eddi gian v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n, s\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ebfp, n\u00ean qu\u00e1n t\u00ednh l\u1ea7n l\u1eefa, tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n, b\u00f3 tay, kh\u00f4ng cho h\u1ecd gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eddi\u00a0: Ki\u1ebfp n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00ec ch\u1edd ki\u1ebfp sau, ki\u1ebfp n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea5y nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00ec h\u1eb9n ki\u1ebfp lai sinh\u2026 \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00e1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Trong khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u1ed1i \u0111a 100 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng, n\u00ean h\u1ecd thu x\u1ebfp th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 cho k\u1ef3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01a1i c\u00f5i tr\u0103m n\u0103m.<\/p>\n
Do c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ebfp n\u00ean trong gi\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed c\u00f2n \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fa t\u00e2m g\u1ea7y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ea3nh nh\u00e2n gian t\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00ean tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1n. H\u1ecd qu\u00ean b\u1eb5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00f5i Nh\u00e2n gian t\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t. H\u1ecd kho\u00e1n tr\u1eafng c\u00f5i T\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9 cho \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt A Di \u0110\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u00f5i T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng C\u1ef1c l\u1ea1c. Kh\u00ed th\u1ebf Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o L\u00fd \u2013 Tr\u1ea7n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf, \u0111\u1ec1 cao nh\u1eb1m thoa vu\u1ed1t m\u1ed1i t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o h\u00e3o, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed3i sinh, t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o trong \u00dd th\u1ee9c Dung h\u00f3a v\u1edbi xu th\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 ng\u1ea5t tr\u1eddi c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n
Trong phong tr\u00e0o Ch\u1ea5n h\u01b0ng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o kh\u1edfi t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 20 th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t C\u01b0 s\u0129 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eabu c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00f5i Nh\u00e2n gian t\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0 C\u01b0 s\u0129 Thi\u1ec1u Ch\u1eedu Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Kha \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t Th\u0103ng long. Nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb Vi\u1ec7t Minh b\u1ee9c t\u1eed trong phong tr\u00e0o C\u1ea3i C\u00e1ch Ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n
Nh\u00e2n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ph\u00f2ng tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m tranh t\u1ea1i Paris n\u0103m 1967, Henry Miller t\u1eeb Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m t\u00f4i, mang m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m tranh t\u1eb7ng ch\u00e1u \u00c1i Anh, ch\u00e1u g\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00f2ng m\u1edbi sinh. Anh l\u00e0 cha \u0111\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1u. Henry Miller n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u l\u00e0m t\u00f4i gi\u1eadt m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 suy g\u1eabm nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m sau\u00a0: \u201cBa ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m qua c\u00f3 ai th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt sau \u0111\u1ee9c Th\u00edch Ca kh\u00f4ng\u00a0?\u201d<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n4. L\u00ea Th\u1ecb Hu\u1ec7: \u00d4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a v\u0103n ho\u00e1 Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o v\u00e0o trong v\u0103n h\u00f3a Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn nay\u00a0?<\/strong><\/p>\nV\u00f5 V\u0103n \u00c1i\u00a0:<\/strong> Trong n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a ch\u1ee7 l\u01b0u d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, s\u1eafc th\u00e1i v\u0103n h\u00f3a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eadm n\u00e9t. Nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o kho t\u00e0ng ca dao, t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef, l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c suy t\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ed9c tr\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang m\u00e0 ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi nh\u01b0 n\u1ec1n tri\u1ebft l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed1i \u1ee9ng<\/em> ch\u01b0a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00e0nh tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc, cho \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m b\u00e1c h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ee7 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y. T\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 h\u00e0nh ho\u1ea1t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t g\u1eafn k\u1ebft v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 (\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u00e1c b\u00e1o) v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi (l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb, thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o g\u1ecdi l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb bi – k\u00e2run?a<\/em> – mang ngh\u0129a t\u1eeb<\/em> l\u00e0 cho vui, bi<\/em> l\u00e0 c\u1ee9u kh\u1ed5). Hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn hay \u0111\u1ec1 cao l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi, l\u00f2ng b\u00e1c \u00e1i, v\u1eady Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 g\u00ec ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7\u00a0? Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng theo \u00fd th\u1ee9c nh\u1ecb nguy\u00ean<\/em> (dualism), hay l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 v\u1eadt t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean l\u00fd b\u1ea5t nh\u1ecb<\/em> (non-duality), kh\u00e1c nhau l\u1eafm trong ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng. M\u1ed9t b\u00ean c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch, m\u1ed9t b\u00ean b\u1ea5t v\u1ee5 l\u1ee3i. C\u00e2u n\u00f3i b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n \u201cth\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00e2n\u201d<\/em> \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u cho \u00fd th\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o th\u1ea5m v\u00e0o l\u00f2ng \u00fd th\u1ee9c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Qua c\u00e2u n\u00e0y gi\u00e1o l\u00fd V\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/em>, t\u1ee9c gi\u00e1o l\u00fd duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi, duy\u00ean sinh<\/em> c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7m \u1ea5m, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u h\u00f4 ho\u00e1n hay \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean.<\/p>\n\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1i th\u00ec c\u0103n b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 t\u00e2m t\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb<\/em> \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ed9 n\u1edf ra v\u0103n h\u1ecdc ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt<\/em>. \u0110\u1ec9nh m\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o trong l\u00f2ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c r\u00f5 n\u00e9t nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb 1963 tr\u1edf \u0111i. M\u1ed9t sinh-th\u1ee9c-m\u1edbi phi nh\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/em> c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t nh\u1ecb<\/em> (non-duality) ra \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n nh\u1eb1m h\u00f3a gi\u1ea3i t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh l\u1ea1nh l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed1i cho s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 to\u00e0n tri\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XXI.<\/p>\nTuy nhi\u00ean c\u1ea7n c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c l\u00fd nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/em> \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eebng bi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh. Nh\u00e2n n\u00e0o qu\u1ea3 \u1ea5y, ai g\u00e2y nh\u00e2n k\u1ebb \u1ea5y g\u1eb7t qu\u1ea3, l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang. Nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111a s\u1ed1 Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u1ed3i ch\u1edd s\u1ef1 \u201c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u00e1c b\u00e1o\u201d \u1ea5y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 Ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng (Jugement dernier)<\/em>, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1eb3ng ra tay ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n \u00e1c ho\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\nTr\u00ean kia t\u00f4i c\u00f3 nh\u1eafc bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2y l\u00faa. H\u1ea1t l\u00faa l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n<\/em>, c\u00e2y l\u00faa l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3<\/em>. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 cho nh\u00e2n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh ra qu\u1ea3 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c duy\u00ean<\/em>. Thi\u1ebfu duy\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3. Duy\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t, n\u01b0\u1edbc, gi\u00f3 thu\u1eadn, m\u01b0a h\u00f2a, ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n. Thi\u1ebfu duy\u00ean c\u00e2y l\u00faa b\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh. C\u0169ng th\u1ebf, nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1t l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh y\u00eau, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 duy\u00ean b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, chia s\u1ebb th\u00ec qu\u1ea3 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu. Cho n\u00ean c\u00f3 nh\u00e2n<\/em> c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3<\/em> c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 duy\u00ean l\u00e0nh<\/em>, m\u00e0 ta c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 NH\u00c2N DUY\u00caN QU\u1ea2 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng r\u01a1i v\u00e0o th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 y\u1ebfm th\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn NH\u00c2N QU\u1ea2 th\u00e0nh ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh, ch\u1edd th\u1eddi.<\/p>\nNh\u00e2n<\/em> C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n x\u1ea5u \u00e1c \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi Qu\u1ea3<\/em> \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c cho Vi\u1ec7t Nam. H\u1eb3n ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, khi ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 chung d\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7t nghi\u1ec7p<\/em> l\u00e0nh (karma individuel, nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n) c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eb1m chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a c\u1ed9ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/em> x\u1ea5u \u00e1c (karma collectif, nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng).<\/p>\nV\u00ec v\u1eady, Qu\u1ea3<\/em> t\u1ef1 do cho m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c n\u1ebfu duy\u00ean<\/em> d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t can d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n Nh\u00e2n<\/em> x\u1ea5u \u00e1c C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n th\u00e0nh Qu\u1ea3<\/em> t\u1ef1 do, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Lu\u1eadt Nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh. Ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u1ea5y ng\u1eafn hay d\u00e0i t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o duy\u00ean<\/em> can d\u1ef1. Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o c\u00f2n quan ni\u1ec7m m\u1ed9t Nh\u00e2n-Qu\u1ea3-\u0111\u1ed3ng-th\u1eddi<\/em>, \u0111\u1ee7 bi\u1ebft kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thi\u00ean h\u00ecnh v\u1ea1n tr\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 \u00fd ch\u00ed con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn kh\u1ed5 \u0111au th\u00e0nh h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac, n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1 do.<\/p>\nV\u0103n h\u00f3a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 V\u0103n h\u00f3a Gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 v\u00e0 C\u1ee9u kh\u1ed5, ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 cho \u00dd th\u1ee9c S\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o<\/strong><\/em> trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u00dd th\u1ee9c C\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u<\/strong><\/em> khi nguy bi\u1ebfn. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i d\u00e0i tham d\u1ef1 c\u1ee9u nguy c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi nh\u1edd th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt tr\u00ean ba nguy\u00ean l\u00fd t\u1eeb bi<\/strong> (k\u00e2run?a), tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/strong> (praj\u00f1\u00e2), b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng<\/strong> (sama).<\/p>\nPh\u00e1p b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng<\/em> r\u1ea5t ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu trong \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt. T\u1eeb nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c ch\u00fang sinh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 t\u00ednh Ph\u1eadt (Ph\u1eadt t\u00ednh) n\u00ean m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1eb3ng, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t cao th\u1ea5p, o\u00e1n th\u00e2n, giai c\u1ea5p. Do ph\u00e1p b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng, l\u00fac sinh th\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 giai c\u1ea5p (t\u1ee9 t\u00ednh b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng) \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0111\u1ed9. Trong kinh s\u00e1ch Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o c\u00f2n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u00e1p l\u00fd b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng t\u1eeb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 t\u00e2m linh, nh\u01b0 Ch\u00e2n nh\u01b0 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng, Tr\u00ed b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng, B\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n, B\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ea1i bi, B\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ea1i tu\u1ec7<\/em>, v.v\u2026<\/p>\nKinh Hoa Nghi\u00eam (Avatam?sakas\u00fbtra) n\u00eau ra m\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng\u00a0: 1. H\u1ebft th\u1ea3y ch\u00fang sinh b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng\u00a0; 2. H\u1ebft th\u1ea3y ph\u00e1p b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng\u00a0; 3. H\u1ebft th\u1ea3y c\u00f5i n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng\u00a0; 4. H\u1ebft th\u1ea3y t\u00e2m s\u00e2u xa b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng\u00a0; 5. H\u1ebft th\u1ea3y thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng\u00a0; 6. H\u1ebft th\u1ea3y B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng\u00a0; 7. H\u1ebft th\u1ea3y nguy\u1ec7n b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng\u00a0; 8. H\u1ebft th\u1ea3y Ba la m\u1eadt b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng\u00a0; 9. H\u1ebft th\u1ea3y h\u1ea1nh b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng\u00a0; 10. H\u1ebft th\u1ea3y Ph\u1eadt b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng.<\/p>\n
5. L\u00ea Th\u1ecb Hu\u1ec7\u00a0: \u00d4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 c\u00e1c quan h\u1ec7 v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam nh\u01b0 thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 Nh\u1ea5t H\u1ea1nh, Ho\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u1ed9, \u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho bi\u1ebft nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1ec1 hai v\u1ecb tu s\u0129 Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o n\u00e0y\u00a0?<\/strong><\/p>\nV\u00f5 V\u0103n \u00c1i\u00a0:<\/strong> Hai v\u1ecb c\u00f9ng xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng tu h\u1ecdc Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i th\u00ec l\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a S\u01b0 \u00d4ng Nh\u1ea5t H\u1ea1nh c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 danh v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. \u0110\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u1ed9 bao tr\u00f9m t\u00ednh d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 t\u00ednh nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 th\u0103ng hoa nh\u00e2n sinh. V\u00f4 t\u00ecnh t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1ea1i th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng 80 n\u0103m qua c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i nh\u01b0 kinh vi\u1ebft\u00a0: \u201cQu\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00fang sinh m\u00e3n b\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1 nguy\u1ec7n\u201d<\/em>– \u0110\u1ed9 kh\u1eafp t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u vi\u00ean m\u00e3n \u0111\u1ea1i nguy\u1ec7n b\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1 (b\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9).<\/p>\n
\n<\/a>(1)<\/a> Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1945 t\u00f4i kh\u1edfi s\u1ef1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng khi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u0110o\u00e0n Thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean S\u01a1n Ca t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc Paul Bert, tham gia \u0110o\u00e0n Tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n Xung phong, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. Mu\u1ed1n theo \u0111o\u00e0n qu\u00e2n Nam ti\u1ebfn, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1ecf qu\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng ai ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn. T\u00f4i \u0111i quy\u00ean g\u00f3p ti\u1ec1n mua m\u1ea5y ch\u1ee5c ki l\u00f4 khoai kh\u00f4 g\u1eedi l\u00ean t\u1eb7ng chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 \u1edf m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn L\u00e0o, v\u1edbi b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean vi\u1ebft trong \u0111\u1eddi. Chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 cao t\u00ean b\u00e1o Chi\u1ebfn s\u0129<\/em> c\u1ee7a Gi\u1ea3i Ph\u00f3ng Qu\u00e2n, Hu\u1ebf, do Thi s\u0129 H\u1eefu Loan l\u00e0m T\u1ed5ng th\u01b0 k\u00fd to\u00e0 so\u1ea1n. V\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n sau, m\u1ed9t Trung u\u00fd t\u1eeb L\u00e0o v\u1ec1 Hu\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng xin \u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed1c h\u1ecdc h\u1ecdp h\u1ecdc sinh tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00eau cao g\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a tr\u00f2 \u00c1i. V\u00e0i ng\u00e0y sau b\u1ed7ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0110o\u00e0n B\u1ea1ch Y\u1ebfn. \u0110o\u00e0n n\u00e0y ch\u1edd tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed5ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng khi tan h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ee3i khi anh em ch\u00fang t\u00f4i trong \u0110o\u00e0n S\u01a1n Ca ra l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh t\u00fai b\u1ee5i trong m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng r\u00f2ng. Ch\u00fang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u00e0n tay s\u1eaft (knuckle-duster\/poing am\u00e9ricain) v\u00e0 b\u1ecf c\u00e1t v\u00e0o b\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 l\u1ef1u \u0111\u1ea1n v\u1ea5t v\u00e0o ch\u00fang t\u00f4i.<\/p>\n<\/a>(2)<\/a> Tam thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i thi\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (ch\u1eef Ph\u1ea1n Tri-s\u00e2hasra-mah\u00e2-s\u00e2hasra-loka-dh\u00e2tu) l\u00e0 ba ngh\u00ecn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1i thi\u00ean, v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 quan c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 x\u01b0a. L\u1ea5y n\u00fai Tu Di l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m, bao quanh c\u00f3 4 \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00e2u, 9 d\u00e3y n\u00fai v\u00e0 8 l\u1edbp bi\u1ec3n bao b\u1ecdc g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t Ti\u1ec3u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. 1000 Ti\u1ec3u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t Ti\u1ec3u thi\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. 1000 Ti\u1ec3u thi\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t Trung thi\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. 1000 Trung thi\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi h\u1ecdp th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0110\u1ea1i thi\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. V\u1eady Tam thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i thi\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (Ti\u1ec3u thi\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi + Trung thi\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi + \u0110\u1ea1i thi\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi) g\u1ed3m ngh\u00ecn tr\u0103m \u1ee9c th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i chung chung l\u00e0 v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 v\u00f4 bi\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Theo kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, Tam thi\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed9 do m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n<\/a>(3)<\/a> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u00e9p tu t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean khi\u1ebfn con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i mang l\u1ea5y th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn kh\u1ed5 lu\u1ef5, lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i, qua m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi hay nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eddi. Qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o, v\u00ec m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt do \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3i, so s\u00e1nh m\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1eadt t\u00ednh, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 do duy\u00ean<\/em> m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, thay \u0111\u1ed5i, ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 chi t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n. Nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ee7 th\u00ec sinh, nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean tan r\u00e3 th\u00ec di\u1ec7t. Nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 sinh hay g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 di\u1ec7t. M\u01b0\u1eddi hai nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi t\u1eeb v\u00f4 minh<\/em> duy\u00ean ra h\u00e0nh<\/em>, h\u00e0nh duy\u00ean ra th\u1ee9c<\/em>, th\u1ee9c duy\u00ean ra danh s\u1eafc<\/em>, danh s\u1eafc duy\u00ean ra l\u1ee5c nh\u1eadp<\/em>, l\u1ee5c nh\u1eadp duy\u00ean ra x\u00fac<\/em>, x\u00fac duy\u00ean ra th\u1ecd<\/em>, th\u1ecd duy\u00ean ra \u00e1i<\/em>, \u00e1i duy\u00ean ra th\u1ee7<\/em>, th\u1ee7 duy\u00ean ra h\u1eefu<\/em>, h\u1eefu duy\u00ean ra sinh<\/em>, sinh duy\u00ean ra l\u00e3o t\u1eed<\/em>. V\u00f4 minh<\/strong><\/em> l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t, m\u00ea mu\u1ed9i. H\u00e0nh<\/strong><\/em> l\u00e0 t\u00e2m ni\u1ec7m ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1i ri\u00eang ta g\u00e2y th\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u1ea5u v\u00ec kh\u1edfi ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb v\u00f4 minh. Th\u1ee9c<\/strong><\/em> l\u00e0 v\u1ecdng th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft sai l\u1ea7m. Danh s\u1eafc<\/strong><\/em> do v\u1ecdng th\u1ee9c theo nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1o duy\u00ean ra danh s\u1eafc; danh<\/em> g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1i bi\u1ebft; s\u1eafc<\/em> g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u01b0 th\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh. L\u1ee5c nh\u1eadp<\/strong><\/em> do th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ea3nh sinh ra c\u00e1i bi\u1ebft th\u00f4ng qua n\u0103m gi\u00e1c quan v\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c\u00a0: m\u1eaft, tai, m\u0169i, l\u01b0\u1ee1i, th\u00e2n, \u00fd<\/em> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 6 c\u0103n. Khi 6 c\u0103n \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi 6 c\u1ea3nh (g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 6 tr\u1ea7n) sinh ra 6 c\u00e1i bi\u1ebft, t\u1ee9c s\u1eafc, thanh, h\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1ecb, x\u00fac, ph\u00e1p<\/em>. M\u1eaft th\u1ea5y s\u1eafc, tai nghe \u00e2m thanh, m\u0169i c\u1ea3m m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng, l\u01b0\u1ee1i bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t v\u1ecb, th\u00e2n c\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 s\u1edd ch\u1ea1m, \u00fd l\u0129nh n\u1ea1p c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 l\u00fd (g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p). X\u00fac<\/strong><\/em> l\u00e0 s\u1edd ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3i, quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi tr\u1ea7n (t\u1ee9c c\u1ea3nh b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i) \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1i bi\u1ebft. Th\u1ecd<\/strong><\/em> do nh\u1eefng quan h\u1ec7 t\u00e2m v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh sinh ra c\u00e1c th\u1ecd nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 kh\u1ed5, vui, bu\u1ed3n\u2026 \u00c1i<\/strong><\/em> do s\u1ef1 th\u1ecd nh\u1eadn \u1edf tr\u00ean m\u00e0 sinh ra l\u00f2ng \u01b0a, gh\u00e9t, bu\u1ed3n vui… Th\u1ee7<\/strong><\/em> l\u00e0 gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea5y cho m\u00ecnh. H\u1eefu<\/strong><\/em> do \u00e1i v\u00e0 th\u1ee7 g\u00e2y nh\u00e2n n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu qu\u1ea3 ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i. Sinh<\/strong><\/em> t\u1ee9c sinh m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng gi\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o do kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 l\u00fd duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/em> n\u00ean ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f3 sinh s\u1ed1ng. L\u00e3o t\u1eed<\/strong><\/em> l\u00e0 gi\u00e0 v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft, s\u1ef1 suy t\u00e0n c\u1ee7a sinh m\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Th\u1eddi th\u01a1 \u1ea5u, Kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o 1. L\u00ea Th\u1ecb Hu\u1ec7\u00a0: Ch\u00e0o nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 Thi V\u0169 V\u00f5 V\u0103n \u00c1i, c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecfi, l\u00e0 \u00f4ng ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 tranh \u0111\u1ea5u hay ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea9y \u00f4ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh cho nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":458,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[89],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1380","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","","category-sach-cua-vo-van-ai"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/queme.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1380","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/queme.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/queme.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/queme.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/458"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/queme.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1380"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/queme.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1380\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/queme.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1380"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/queme.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1380"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/queme.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1380"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
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