{"id":1381,"date":"2010-10-05T12:00:00","date_gmt":"2010-10-05T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/queme.org\/all\/all\/cu-hi-6-10\/"},"modified":"2016-09-09T13:44:42","modified_gmt":"2016-09-09T13:44:42","slug":"cu-hi-6-10","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/queme.org\/vi\/cu-hi-6-10\/","title":{"rendered":"Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9<\/i> : C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 6-10"},"content":{"rendered":"

6. L\u00ea Th\u1ecb Hu\u1ec7\u00a0: \u00d4ng ngh\u0129 g\u00ec v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh 1.11.1963\u00a0?<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u00f5 V\u0103n \u00c1i\u00a0:<\/strong> Vai tr\u00f2 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u01b0\u1ee3t tho\u00e1t lu\u1ed3ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ecb nguy\u00ean T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1ed5 ra qua cu\u1ed9c tranh ch\u1ea5p \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 ph\u00e2n \u0111\u00f4i th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi gi\u1eefa C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 T\u01b0 b\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

Gi\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e3nh qu\u00e2n nh\u00e2n l\u00e0m cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh 1.11.1963 theo ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch Hoa K\u1ef3 t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 \u00c1 ch\u00e2u.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfc vai tr\u00f2 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o tuy th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n v\u00ec gi\u1edbi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb, ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ebf s\u1ef1. N\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb khuynh lo\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

7. L\u00ea Th\u1ecb Hu\u1ec7\u00a0: Theo \u00f4ng th\u00ec cu\u1ed9c tranh \u0111\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng\u00a0?<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u00f5 V\u0103n \u00c1i\u00a0:<\/strong> C\u1ea7n hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1\u00a0: Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 C\u01b0 s\u0129 v\u00e0 Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. C\u1ea7n li\u00ean k\u1ebft kh\u1ed1i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o t\u1ea1i \u00c1 ch\u00e2u v\u00e0 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u00e0nh l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u00f2a b\u00ecnh. N\u1ebfu ta m\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX v\u00e0 so v\u1edbi ng\u00e0y nay th\u00ec Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00c2u M\u1ef9 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai ch\u1eadn \u0111\u1ee9ng cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng tinh th\u1ea7n tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng ng\u00e0y nay \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y. C\u00f4ng lao ng\u00e0i Th\u00e1i H\u01b0 \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung qu\u1ed1c, m\u1edf ra nh\u1eefng H\u1ed9i H\u1ecdc Ph\u1eadt \u00c2u M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, r\u1ed3i ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn ba b\u1ed9 Essays in Zen Buddhism\u00a0\/\u00a0Thi\u1ec1n lu\u1eadn<\/em> c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Linh M\u1ed9c \u0110\u1ea1i Chuy\u1ebft (Daisetz Teitaro Suzuki), ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt b\u1ea3n, khai th\u1ecb tri th\u1ee9c T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u00f3i ph\u00eda \u00c1 ch\u00e2u. C\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i k\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y \u01b0u t\u00fa trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt kinh Ph\u1eadt nh\u01b0 Edward Conze, \u00c9tienne Lamotte, G. Tucci, v.v\u2026 So vi\u1ec7c d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n kinh s\u00e1ch Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 \u00c2u M\u1ef9 t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX tr\u1edf \u0111i, h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ecb T\u0103ng s\u0129 c\u00f3 h\u1ecdc c\u00f2n ng\u1eafn h\u01a1i, s\u01a1 s\u00e0i, ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ea5m v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e2u.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng. Nay c\u1ea7n k\u1ebft tinh qua h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u00f2a b\u00ecnh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i, qu\u00e2n phi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1. Ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n C\u01b0 s\u0129<\/strong> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, v\u0103n h\u00f3a, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u00c2u M\u1ef9, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t huy. Cho t\u1edbi nay t\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c Ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n Thi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt Li\u00ean t\u00f4ng (Sokagakai) \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n

Do gi\u00e1o lu\u1eadt Ph\u1eadt ch\u1ebf, T\u0103ng s\u0129 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tham gia th\u1ebf s\u1ef1. Hi\u1ec7n nay m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 T\u0103ng s\u0129 trong Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc tham gia l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea1m tr\u1ecdng gi\u1edbi chi\u1ebfu theo gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt Ph\u1eadt ch\u1ebf. V\u00ec T\u0103ng s\u0129 ch\u1ec9 lo vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng t\u00e2m linh cho t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3. B\u1edfi v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi th\u1ebf s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n gi\u1edbi C\u01b0 s\u0129 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu t\u1ea1i gia, th\u1ebf h\u1ecdc cao, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb g\u00f2 b\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt c\u1ea5m tham ch\u00ednh n\u00ean c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n v\u1eadn gi\u00e1o l\u00fd v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, c\u00f3 chung \u0111\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eddi m\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft cu\u1ed9c nh\u00e2n sinh tr\u00ean b\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. C\u1ea7n nh\u1edb C\u01b0 s\u0129 l\u00e0 tr\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho T\u0103ng s\u0129, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng l\u00e0 tr\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, kinh t\u1ebf, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, v\u0103n h\u00f3a, nh\u00e2n v\u0103n, b\u00e1c h\u1ecdc, khoa h\u1ecdc. C\u01b0 s\u0129 l\u00e0 b\u00e1nh xe ch\u1edf \u0110\u1ea1o, ch\u1edb coi th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 T\u0103ng s\u0129 x\u01b0a nay khinh th\u1ecb gi\u1edbi c\u01b0 s\u0129.<\/p>\n

\u0110em nh\u1eefng thuy\u1ebft gi\u00e1o cao c\u1ea3 trong kinh s\u00e1ch l\u00e0m \u201cgi\u00e1o khoa th\u01b0\u201d cho nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft kh\u1ebf c\u01a1, kh\u1ebf l\u00fd, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tham d\u1ef1, chuy\u1ec3n ho\u00e1, l\u1ea1i thi\u1ebfu ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c th\u00ec c\u0169ng \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee7 thuy\u1ebft C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc bao kh\u1ed5 \u00e1ch, b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc con b\u1ec7nh hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e0n t\u1eadt, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111em gi\u00e1o l\u00fd nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 th\u00f4 s\u01a1, ki\u1ebfp tr\u01b0\u1edbc do x\u1ea5u \u00e1c n\u00ean ki\u1ebfp n\u00e0y nh\u1eadn qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o\u00a0! Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n y h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u b\u1ec7nh, tr\u1ecb t\u1eadt. Cho n\u00ean c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa T\u0103ng s\u0129 v\u00e0 C\u01b0 s\u0129 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft th\u1ebf s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n sinh. Gi\u1edbi T\u0103ng s\u0129 ng\u00e0y nay ph\u1ea3i xem \u0111\u00e2y nh\u01b0 C\u00f4ng \u00e1n<\/em>\u00a0<\/a>(4)<\/a> \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t huy \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

C\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t th\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e1o hai v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, l\u00e0 T\u0103ng s\u0129<\/em> nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y d\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ea1o, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u00e2m linh t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3, v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed T\u0103ng \u0111o\u00e0n<\/em> nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t trong ba ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o (Tam b\u1ea3o\u00a0: Ph\u1eadt, Ph\u00e1p, T\u0103ng). Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta hay hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1ed9n s\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb T\u0103ng\u00a0\/\u00a0T\u0103ng s\u0129<\/em> v\u1edbi t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 T\u0103ng l\u00e0 T\u0103ng \u0111o\u00e0n<\/em> t\u1ee9c T\u0103ng b\u1ea3o trong Tam b\u1ea3o. Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 4 v\u1ecb t\u0103ng tr\u1edf l\u00ean, s\u1ed1ng chung trong ph\u00e9p l\u1ee5c h\u00f2a, b\u1ed1 t\u00e1t, y\u1ebft ma th\u00ec m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u0103ng \u0111o\u00e0n. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u y\u1ebfu t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Tam b\u1ea3o<\/strong> nh\u01b0 t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh b\u1ea3n lai<\/em>, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i v\u1ecb c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3i t\u00f4n th\u1edd nh\u01b0 Ch\u00faa Ba ng\u00f4i m\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed ng\u00e0y nay ng\u1ed9 nh\u1eadn. Tam b\u1ea3o l\u00e0 ba b\u1ea3o v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt g\u1ed3m\u00a0:<\/p>\n

– T\u1ef1 t\u00ednh b\u1ea3n lai kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec5m \u00f4, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n v\u00f4 minh, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt b\u1ea3o<\/strong>\u00a0;<\/p>\n

– T\u1ef1 t\u00ednh b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng, kh\u00f4ng sai kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0ng bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n ra t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p th\u1ebf gian v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o<\/strong>\u00a0;<\/p>\n

– T\u1ef1 t\u00ednh c\u00f3 di\u1ec7u d\u1ee5ng v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean, mang kh\u1ea3 l\u1ef1c h\u1eb1ng h\u00e0 sa c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 Ph\u1eadt s\u1ef1, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u0103ng b\u1ea3o<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi quay v\u1ec1 v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u1ef1a (quy y) v\u00e0o Tam b\u1ea3o, t\u1ee9c t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh b\u1ea3n lai<\/em>. Ch\u1eef ph\u00e1p th\u1ebf gian v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian n\u00f3i \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a sai l\u1ea1c nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea7m t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 nh\u1eadp th\u1ebf<\/em> (d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi) v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf<\/em> (quay l\u01b0ng v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi). Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, Ph\u00e1p th\u1ebf gian<\/em> l\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3, nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1o. Ph\u00e1p xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian<\/em> l\u00e0 tu \u0111\u1ea1o gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t (t\u1eeb bi, h\u1ef7 x\u1ea3, c\u1ee9u ch\u00fang sinh, gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt).<\/p>\n

Xu th\u1ebf gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c T\u0103ng s\u0129, t\u1eeb Ng\u0169 minh\u00a0<\/a>(5)<\/a> cho \u0111\u1ebfn xu th\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 vai tr\u00f2 T\u0103ng s\u0129 trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ea7n kh\u1ebf h\u1ee3p, chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00edch nghi. Th\u00edch nghi m\u00e0 ho\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1o, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch nghi \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u1edbng. Quan ni\u1ec7m thi\u1ec3n c\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi C\u01b0 s\u0129 l\u00e2u nay c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

N\u0103m m\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc do tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed c\u00f2n m\u00f4ng mu\u1ed9i, n\u00ean T\u0103ng s\u0129 v\u1eeba l\u00e0 th\u1ea7y d\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ea1o, c\u00f2n l\u00e0 th\u1ea7y h\u1ecdc, th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c, c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u00ean m\u1ecdi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng. Ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a th\u1eddi L\u00fd Tr\u1ea7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u01b0 s\u0129 th\u01b0\u1edf \u1ea5y c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1edf xa x\u01b0a \u1ea5y, ngo\u00e0i n\u1ed9i \u0111i\u1ec3n (kinh s\u00e1ch Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o), tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 Ng\u0169 minh c\u1ee7a T\u0103ng s\u0129 c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t cao. Ng\u00e0y nay tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 m\u00f4n ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, nh\u00e2n v\u0103n ti\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00e0i ngh\u00ecn d\u1eb7m v\u00e0 thay th\u1ebf vai tr\u00f2 T\u0103ng s\u0129 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u0103n minh, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, y khoa, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111em l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c r\u1ed1t r\u00e1o cho \u0111a s\u1ed1 C\u01b0 s\u0129. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n d\u1ed1t nh\u01b0 x\u01b0a. V\u00ec v\u1eady s\u1ef1 tr\u00f4ng ch\u1edd c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u01b0 s\u0129 \u1edf m\u1ed9t T\u0103ng s\u0129 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e1c l\u1eafm. H\u1ecd tr\u00f4ng ch\u1edd \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u0103ng s\u0129 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 b\u00e1c h\u1ecdc t\u00e2m linh, h\u01a1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00f4ng th\u1ea7y ch\u1ec9 gi\u1ecfi c\u00fang ki\u1ebfn, xem x\u0103m, ch\u1ea5m t\u1eed vi, lu\u00f4n mi\u1ec7ng d\u1ea1y \u0111\u1eddi. D\u00e2n qu\u00ea n\u01b0\u1edbc ta \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX tin v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh duy nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1t b\u00f9a l\u1ea5y tro h\u00f2a n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng. Nh\u01b0ng khi y h\u1ecdc Ph\u00e1p \u0111em l\u1ea1i vi\u00ean thu\u1ed1c Quinine<\/em>, r\u1ed3i l\u00e2u sau Penicilline<\/em>, th\u00ec t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00f3ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00f9i v\u00e0o b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khoa h\u1ecdc, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed3. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb t\u1ea1i n\u01b0\u1edbc ta 64 n\u0103m qua (1945-2009) c\u00f2n quanh qu\u1ea9n trong nh\u1eefng m\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed3\u00a0; ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khoa h\u1ecdc h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. S\u1ef1 v\u1eafng m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi C\u01b0 s\u0129 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o tr\u00ean ba l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean do g\u00e2y ph\u00e1p n\u1ea1n cho Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o n\u00f3i ri\u00eang, v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c n\u1ea1n cho d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c n\u00f3i chung.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u01b0 s\u0129 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i, trong c\u00e1c h\u1ed9i \u0111o\u00e0n, \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i, ph\u00eda c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ph\u00eda qu\u1ed1c gia. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong vai v\u1ebf th\u1eeba sai. Ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a ngu d\u00e2n, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ph\u00e1t huy ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch khoan dung v\u00e0 h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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\"U\u1ef7<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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U\u1ef7 ban B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 Quy\u1ec1n L\u00e0m Ngu\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam thu\u1ed9c Co s\u1edf Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9 \u0111\u00e3 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng du lu\u1eadn qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf ch\u1eadn \u0111\u1ee9ng vi\u1ec7c H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng tang l\u1ec5 \u0110\u1ee9c c\u1ed1 \u0110\u1ec7 tam T\u0103ng th\u1ed1ng Th\u00edch \u0110\u00f4n H\u1eadu bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh cu\u1ed9c tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n cho nh\u00e0 nu\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n t\u1ea1i ch\u00f9a Linh M\u1ee5 Hu\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 5.1992. M\u1ed9t n\u0103m sau, ng\u00e0y 24.5.1993, b\u1ed1n muoi ngh\u00ecn (40.000) Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed Hu\u1ebf xu\u1ed1ng \u0111u\u1eddng bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh \u0111oi h\u1ecfi t\u1ef1 do t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n. Cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh cho m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau Nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t chua h\u1ec1 x\u1ea9y ra du\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn lu\u1ee3c gia qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng an c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb v\u1ec1 nguy co \u201cDi\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh\u201d t\u1ea1i H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng ng\u00e0y 26.6.1993 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng Hu\u1ebf, du\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Tu\u1edbng \u0110\u1eb7ng Vu Hi\u1ec7p, L\u00ea Quang Thanh, Vi\u1ec7n tru\u1edfng Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc C\u00f4ng an. Ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u t\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u201ccu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Hu\u1ebf\u201d<\/strong> l\u00e0: \u201cTi\u1ebfng chu\u00f4ng c\u1ea3nh t\u1ec9nh cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u m\u00e0 k\u1ebb th\u00f9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng chi\u1ebfn lu\u1ee3c Di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh\u201d<\/strong>, ho\u1eb7c: \u201cC\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch nu\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u00e2m th\u1ea7m kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e9n l\u00fat l\u00e0m m\u1ee5c n\u00e1t ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 nu\u1edbc t\u1eeb b\u00ean trong, x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp c\u00e1c linh v\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, tu tu\u1edfng, v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i\u2026 X\u00fai gi\u1ee5c c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1ed5i d\u1eady t\u1eeb b\u00ean trong \u0111\u1ea5t nu\u1edbc m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n x\u00e2m l\u0103ng ch\u00fang ta b\u1eb1ng vu l\u1ef1c hay qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i\u201d<\/strong>.<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

\n8. L\u00ea Th\u1ecb Hu\u1ec7\u00a0: \u00d4ng ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o trong sinh m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u00a0? Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o ph\u1ea3i s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0ng nh\u00e0ng, m\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00ean\u00a0?<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u00f5 V\u0103n \u00c1i\u00a0:<\/strong> Ch\u1ecb d\u00f9ng ch\u1eef \u201cs\u1ed1ng l\u00e0ng nh\u00e0ng\u201d l\u00e0 khoan h\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ea5y. \u0110\u00fang v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i l\u00e0 \u201cs\u1ed1ng nh\u1eadp nh\u1eb1ng\u201d- ba ph\u1ea3i. Ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng ba ph\u1ea3i<\/em> m\u00e0 ngh\u00ecn ph\u1ea3i<\/em>\u00a0! Th\u1eed nh\u00ecn c\u00e1ch suy ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u00e0y nay c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 T\u0103ng s\u0129 v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed t\u1ea5t r\u00f5 t\u00ednh ba ph\u1ea3i \u2013 ngh\u00ecn ph\u1ea3i<\/em> v\u00f4 l\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

Trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed 2000 n\u0103m Vi\u1ec7t Nam, sinh m\u1ec7nh Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 sinh m\u1ec7nh Vi\u1ec7t Nam g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n nhau. \u1ede th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 l\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c, y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 h\u00f2a h\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh n\u1ec1n v\u0103n hi\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t. Hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean c\u00f2n hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 Kh\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 L\u00e3o gi\u00e1o. Nh\u01b0ng Kh\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u cho n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a n\u00f4 d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc ph\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00ean c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. L\u00e3o gi\u00e1o b\u1ecb b\u1ecf r\u01a1i kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh tri\u1ebft l\u00fd h\u00e0nh x\u1eed, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u00e1nh tu ti\u00ean, \u01b0u t\u01b0 thu\u1eadt tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh d\u1ea1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00f9a ph\u00e9p, ph\u00f9 th\u1ee7y. M\u1ed1i \u01b0u t\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh qua vi\u1ec7c luy\u1ec7n \u0111an v\u00e0 tu d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a L\u00e3o gi\u00e1o ch\u1ec9 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c \u1edf m\u1eb7t ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 y h\u1ecdc c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i tuy c\u00f2n th\u00f4 s\u01a1.<\/p>\n

M\u00e2u T\u1eed, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 Nho ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa l\u00e1nh n\u1ea1n sang Giao ch\u00e2u v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 II T\u00e2y l\u1ecbch r\u1ed3i quy y theo \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt trong cu\u1ed1n L\u00fd Ho\u1eb7c Lu\u1eadn<\/em> c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng nh\u01b0 sau\u00a0: \u201cB\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt l\u00e0 \u1edf nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111em m\u00e0 th\u1edd cha m\u1eb9, gi\u00fap n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111em m\u00e0 gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a d\u00e2n, s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111em m\u00e0 tr\u1ecb th\u00e2n\u201d.<\/strong> L\u00fd Ho\u1eb7c Lu\u1eadn<\/em> l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n lu\u1eadn v\u0103n c\u1ee7a M\u00e2u T\u1eed \u0111\u1ec1 cao con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Ph\u1eadt Vi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i Giao ch\u00e2u, v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a n\u00f4 d\u1ecbch B\u1eafc ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, n\u01a1i \u00f4ng sinh th\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng t\u00e2m linh, \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt Vi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o v\u0103n h\u00f3a ch\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 ngo\u1ea1i lai suy \u0111\u1ed3i ho\u1eb7c phi nh\u00e2n, v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m, \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ef1 do, no \u1ea5m v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac cho nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, m\u00e0 s\u1eed s\u00e1ch c\u00f2n l\u01b0u d\u1ea5u qua t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a Hai B\u00e0 Tr\u01b0ng nh\u01b0 B\u00e1t N\u00e0n Phu nh\u00e2n, N\u1eef t\u01b0\u1edbng Ti\u00ean La, S\u01b0 b\u00e0 Thi\u1ec1u Hoa\u2026 (n\u0103m 36 TL.)\u00a0; 9 cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Khu Li\u00ean, Chu \u0110\u1ea1t, L\u01b0\u01a1ng Long, Kh\u1ed5ng Chi v\u00e0 Tr\u1ee5 thi\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n (su\u1ed1t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 II TL.)\u00a0; anh em b\u00e0 Tri\u1ec7u Th\u1ecb Trinh (n\u0103m 248 TL.)\u00a0; L\u00fd Nam \u0110\u1ebf d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp V\u1ea1n Xu\u00e2n (n\u0103m 544 TL.), v.v… t\u1ea1o ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 cho s\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn l\u1eadp huy ho\u00e0ng n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng qu\u1ed1c gia Vi\u1ec7t Nam qua c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i \u0110inh, L\u00ea, L\u00fd, Tr\u1ea7n, L\u00ea.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1ch \u201cs\u1ed1ng l\u00e0ng nh\u00e0ng\u201d<\/em> l\u00e0m cho \u201cVi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n\u201d<\/em> nh\u01b0 ch\u1ecb n\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn ri\u00eang t\u1eeb Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n, t\u1eeb c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u ch\u00ednh theo quan ni\u1ec7m T\u1ed1ng Nho, r\u1ed3i hai ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed3ng \u00fd l\u00e0 d\u00f9 mu\u1ed1n d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng, gi\u1edbi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c C\u01b0 s\u0129 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m trong s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1ch \u201cs\u1ed1ng l\u00e0ng nh\u00e0ng\u201d n\u00e0y. V\u00ec gi\u1edbi C\u01b0 s\u0129 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a bi\u1ec7t nghi\u1ec7p<\/em> h\u1ecd (karma c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n) \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i v\u00e2y c\u1ed9ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/em> qu\u1ed1c gia (karma c\u1ee7a t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng).<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb h\u01a1n ba th\u1ebf k\u1ef7. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1eeb cu\u1ed9c ph\u00e2n tranh Tr\u1ecbnh Nguy\u1ec5n cho \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c ph\u00e2n tranh Qu\u1ed1c C\u1ed9ng. S\u00f4ng Gianh hay s\u00f4ng B\u1ebfn H\u1ea3i v\u1eabn l\u00e0 nh\u00e1t ki\u1ebfm v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1eaft \u0111\u00f4i t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c Vi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

H\u1ec7 l\u1ee5y ng\u00e0y nay c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u201ct\u1ea7m s\u01b0 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1o\u201d<\/em> c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f4ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. T\u1ea7m s\u01b0 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1o mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a m\u1edf mang tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 trong cu\u1ed9c truy t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd do t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc c\u1ea7n Th\u1ea7y n\u00ean \u0111i t\u00ecm th\u1ea7y gi\u00fap h\u1ecd gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng kh\u1ecfi v\u00f4 minh, m\u00ea v\u1ecdng. T\u00ecm Th\u1ea7y n\u00f3i l\u00ean t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a c\u00f3 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u1edbi \u00fd ch\u00ed c\u1ea7u th\u1ecb. Th\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng ngang t\u1ea7m v\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, v\u1edbi ch\u00e2n l\u00fd, th\u00ec h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111i t\u00ecm th\u1ea7y kh\u00e1c. Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 c\u00f3 ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u00e1ch quan, m\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau nh\u1eafm khai m\u1edf ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9. Nh\u1edd v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u1ed1 t\u00edn, gi\u00e1o \u0111i\u1ec1u, b\u00e8 ph\u00e1i, c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi sinh vi\u00ean \u00c2u M\u1ef9 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc ng\u00e0y nay v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh trung th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n tinh th\u1ea7n \u201ct\u1ea7m s\u01b0 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1o\u201d<\/em> c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng\u00a0? T\u00f4i \u00edt th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean \u00c2u M\u1ef9 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ebft \u201c\u00f4ng Th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh\u201d ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn phun n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecdt r\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1eb3ng tay h\u1ea1 c\u1eb3ng ch\u00e2n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ai kh\u00f4ng qu\u1ef3 l\u1ea1y \u201c\u00f4ng Th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh\u201d nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam cu\u1ed3ng t\u00edn tin theo c\u00e1c v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd n\u00ean ch\u1eb3ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd t\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7y m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay \u201ct\u1ea7m s\u01b0 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1o\u201d<\/em> sa s\u00fat th\u00e0nh \u201cy s\u01b0 ch\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea1o\u201d<\/em>. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta tin th\u1ea7y h\u01a1n ch\u00e2n l\u00fd, h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ea1o. Cho n\u00ean g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a, chia r\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn g\u00e2y th\u00e0nh tranh ch\u1ea5p trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o trong, ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ai c\u0169ng hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 c\u00f3 b\u00e0n tay l\u00f4ng l\u00e1 c\u1ee7a C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt \u201cchia \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ecb\u201d, l\u1ea5y \u201cg\u1eady \u00f4ng \u0111\u1eadp l\u01b0ng \u00f4ng\u201d, r\u00f5 ra l\u00e0 \u201cd\u00f9ng S\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1nh S\u01b0, d\u00f9ng Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed n\u1ec7n Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed\u201d. Ki\u1ec3u trai c\u00f2 m\u1ed5 nhau, ng\u01b0 \u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1eafc l\u1ee3i. Nh\u01b0ng chuy\u1ec7n \u0111au l\u00f2ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb T\u0103ng v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed kia kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp Ba t\u1ea1ng Kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n cao si\u00eau, khi\u1ebfn m\u1eafc m\u01b0u k\u1ebb t\u00e0 gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft b\u00e8 ph\u00e1i v\u1edbi \u201c\u00f4ng th\u1ea7y m\u00ecnh\u201d, l\u00e0m ph\u00e2n ho\u00e1 n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9, thay v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m hi\u1ec3n d\u01b0\u01a1ng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee9u kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

B\u00ean trong v\u00e0 ph\u00eda sau l\u00e0 b\u00e0n tay c\u1ee7a ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o x\u00fac xi\u1ec3m, \u0111\u00e2m b\u1ecb th\u00f3c ch\u1ecdc b\u1ecb g\u1ea1o. Nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ed5i, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed tranh ch\u1ea5p nhau, kh\u00f4ng v\u00ec ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn gi\u00e1o l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt, ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ee9c Th\u00edch Ca, m\u00e0 tranh ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u201c\u00d4ng Th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh\u201d. B\u1edfi \u201cTh\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh\u201d cao c\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t, v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t, thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 nh\u1ea5t. C\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u0169ng \u201cnh\u1ea5t\u201d\u00a0! Do \u201cTh\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh\u201d l\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t, n\u00ean gi\u00e1o l\u00fd c\u1ee9u kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt th\u00e0nh th\u1ee9 y\u1ebfu, \u0111\u1ee9c Th\u00edch Ca \u0111\u1ee9ng x\u1ebfp h\u00e0ng sau l\u01b0ng \u201cTh\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh\u201d, Ba t\u1ea1ng kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n m\u1edd m\u1ecbt tr\u01b0\u1edbc x\u1ea3o ng\u00f4n, m\u1ecb ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a \u201cTh\u1ea7y m\u00ecnh\u201d\u2026 C\u00f2n qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang kh\u1ed5 \u0111au, b\u1ecb \u00e1p b\u1ee9c, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i\u00eau linh, th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u00e2m n\u1ea1n kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1, sinh th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ea7u b\u1ecb uy hi\u1ebfp hay kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n trong t\u1ea7m nh\u1eafm, t\u1ea7m ti\u00ean \u01b0u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed d\u1eabm \u0111\u1ea1p, v\u1ea5y b\u00f9n trong chi\u1ebfc ao nh\u00e0 ch\u1eadt h\u1eb9p, \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00ean m\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, nh\u00e2n sinh, v\u0169 tr\u1ee5.<\/p>\n

Bi k\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn T\u0103ng s\u0129 hay Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ng\u00e0y nay l\u00e0 ch\u1ed1i b\u1ecf t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh b\u1ea3n lai<\/em> c\u1ee7a Tam B\u1ea3o (Ph\u1eadt, Ph\u00e1p, T\u0103ng) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f4n th\u1edd Nh\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o l\u00e0 \u201c\u00f4ng Th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh\u201d.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta qu\u00ean chuy\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00e1i ph\u1ee5, c\u00e1i th\u1ee9 y\u1ebfu, c\u00e1i h\u1ea1ng hai. D\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 qu\u00e1n t\u00ednh \u201cnh\u1ea5t\u201d<\/em> c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ta\u00a0? Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 \u201cnh\u1ea5t\u201d<\/em> tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ea7u, b\u1ed1n ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m v\u0103n hi\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn lao \u201cnh\u1ea5t\u201d<\/em> c\u00f5i nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 M\u1ed9t\u00a0! Nh\u01b0ng khi h\u00e0nh x\u1eed th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t khinh th\u1ecb d\u00e2n m\u00ecnh, q\u1ee5y l\u1ee5y \u00f4ng t\u00e2y b\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7m. M\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u00e2n-n\u00f4-l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a \u201cYes, Sir\u201d<\/em>. \u0110\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 c\u00e1i d\u1ed1t h\u1ecd c\u0169ng th\u1eadm x\u01b0ng d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c t\u1ef1 t\u00f4n l\u00e0 \u201cd\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t\u201d\u00a0!<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u201cy s\u01b0 ch\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea1o\u201d<\/em> ng\u00e0y nay c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 T\u0103ng s\u0129, Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00f5a v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c gian manh, gian t\u00e0, ph\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed5 n\u1ec1n Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Th\u1ea3m h\u01a1n, khi ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng \u00f4ng \u201cTh\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd\u201d l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng, im l\u1eb7ng dung d\u01b0\u1ee1ng s\u1ef1 th\u1edd l\u1ea1y ng\u1eabu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed m\u00ecnh, d\u00f9 c\u00e1c \u201c\u00f4ng Th\u1ea7y n\u00e0y\u201d thu\u1ed9c l\u00f2ng v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y ng\u00e0y v\u1eabn ung dung thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p cho \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u00fang kinh b\u1ea3n K\u00e2l\u00e2ma\u00a0<\/a>(6)<\/a> .<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Trung Hoa, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, \u0110\u1ea1i H\u00e0n, Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n

9. L\u00ea Th\u1ecb Hu\u1ec7\u00a0: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u00f3i 4 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a l\u00e0 Trung Hoa, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, \u0110\u1ea1i H\u00e0n , th\u00ec ba n\u01b0\u1edbc kia ti\u1ebfn h\u1ebft r\u1ed3i, tr\u1eeb Vi\u1ec7t Nam. C\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t n\u00e9t Kh\u1ed5ng H\u1ecdc, th\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec kh\u00e1c gi\u1eefa VN v\u1edbi 3 n\u01b0\u1edbc kia\u00a0? Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u00ean r\u00fat b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc n\u00e0o\u00a0?<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u00f5 V\u0103n \u00c1i\u00a0:<\/strong> Ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh chung v\u1ec1 Kh\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1o t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 v\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00c1 ch\u00e2u, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb trong s\u00e1ch \u201cNguy\u1ec5n Tr\u00e3i, Sinh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng\u201d<\/em> do Nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9 \u1edf Paris \u1ea5n h\u00e0nh n\u0103m 1981.<\/p>\n

Theo t\u00f4i ngh\u0129, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc c\u00e1i h\u1ecdc h\u1ee7 Nho Chu \u2013 Tr\u00ecnh th\u1eddi T\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, m\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o Kh\u1ed5ng h\u1ecdc th\u1ef1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a V\u01b0\u01a1ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng Minh. Hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0m cho n\u01b0\u1edbc Nh\u1eadt t\u00e2n ti\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u00c1 ch\u00e2u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9ng ngang h\u00e0ng T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u00e0y nay. M\u1ed9t l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, hai l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t c\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi s\u0129 phu, \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 Minh Tr\u1ecb Thi\u00ean ho\u00e0ng. \u00d4ng d\u00e1m tho\u00e1t ly t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u201cao nh\u00e0\u201d so v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3u, b\u1ebf m\u00f4n t\u1ecfa c\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u00f4ng vua T\u00e0u v\u00e0 T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

Ta bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0o Nh\u1eadt th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 VI T\u00e2y l\u1ecbch, th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed k\u1ef3 v\u0129 l\u00e0 Th\u00e1i t\u1eed Th\u00e1nh \u0110\u1ee9c (Shotoku). Th\u00e1i t\u1eed khai m\u1edf m\u1ed9t Hi\u1ebfn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u1ea1i Ch\u00e2u \u00c1 g\u1ed3m 17 \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean ch\u1eef H\u00f2a c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 sau n\u00e0y c\u00e1c vua th\u1eddi L\u00fd – Tr\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1eef H\u00f2a v\u00e0o ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia v\u0103n hi\u1ebfn, ph\u1ed3n th\u1ecbnh, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac. Bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 ngay trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1\u00a0: th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean b\u1ecf \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 x\u00e1 t\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

Trung qu\u1ed1c tuy theo C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, nh\u01b0ng t\u1eeb th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 70, do b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ed1 h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e0u n\u00ean s\u1edbm bi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft tay v\u1edbi \u201cCon C\u1ecdp Gi\u1ea5y\u201d Hoa K\u1ef3 m\u00e0 Mao Tr\u1ea1ch \u0110\u00f4ng ph\u1ec9 nh\u1ed5 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, r\u1ed3i chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i sang n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u201cCh\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 m\u00fat m\u00f9a\u201d nay l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed5i sang l\u1ea1y l\u1ee5c c\u00fac b\u00e1i M\u1ef9 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u1ec5 tr\u00e0ng, thi\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng minh. Nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft k\u1ebft li\u00ean c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u00e0m l\u00e1 ch\u1eafn chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 v\u00e0 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

Sau ng\u00e0y Saigon th\u1ea5t th\u1ee7, n\u0103m 1977 v\u00e0 1978 Hoa K\u1ef3 mu\u1ed1n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f3a quan h\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1edbi H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. Nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n ki\u00eau binh \u0111\u00e3 kh\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb theo ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u201cc\u00f3 ba tr\u0103m l\u1ea1ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y m\u1edbi xong\u201d, \u00fd ra \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n mu\u1ed1n th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ea3o th\u00ec Hoa K\u1ef3 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 7 t\u1ef7 M\u1ef9 kim t\u00e1i thi\u1ebft B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Nixon \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee9a trong th\u1eddi gian h\u00f2a h\u1ed9i Paris. C\u00e1i ngu v\u1ec1 x\u1eed th\u1ebf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 d\u1ed1t n\u00e1t v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i khi\u1ebfn Hoa K\u1ef3 b\u1ecf r\u01a1i\u00a0<\/a>(7)<\/a>. Sau n\u00e0y l\u1ea1y l\u1ee5c c\u00fac b\u00e1i bao n\u0103m m\u1edbi thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan h\u1ec7 ngo\u1ea1i giao v\u1edbi Hoa K\u1ef3 n\u0103m 1995. Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ki\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft 19 n\u0103m\u00a0! \u0110\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 80, Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7n la tr\u1eddi \u201cc\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\u0110a s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u1ea5t h\u1ecdc, d\u00f9 ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i l\u1ed7i h\u1ecd. D\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p thu\u1ed9c, v\u00ec l\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecd tham gia \u0111\u1ea5u tranh r\u1ea5t s\u1edbm khi m\u1edbi qua ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1eeda ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc hay trung h\u1ecdc, r\u1ed3i b\u1ecb b\u1eaft v\u00e0o t\u00f9. Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1eebng l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00eam. \u00dd ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ea5u tranh cao, l\u00f2ng c\u0103m th\u00f9 l\u1edbn, nh\u01b0ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c n\u00f4ng c\u1ea1n, khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft. K\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng vi\u1ec7c n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 1945, s\u1edf h\u1ecdc khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c chi anh ch\u1ed9t trong \u0111\u00e1m ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f9. Qu\u00e1 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eafc n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec1n, c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e0i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u00f4ng vua th\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc theo t\u00e1c phong \u201ctr\u1eafc t\u1ecbch c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec1n\u201d<\/em>. Vua ch\u1ec9 ng\u1ed3i n\u1eeda gh\u1ebf (tr\u1eafc t\u1ecbch), n\u1eeda gh\u1ebf kia d\u00e0nh ch\u1edd ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u1ed3i. Ng\u00e0y nay d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a, l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng gi\u00e0nh tr\u1ecdn gh\u1ebf m\u00e0 c\u00f2n gi\u00e0nh h\u1ebft c\u00e1c d\u00e3y gh\u1ebf trong r\u1ea1p h\u00e1t ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 ngoan ngo\u00e3n c\u1ee7a Trung C\u1ed9ng, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u hay b\u00ean Trung qu\u1ed1c l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc. Th\u1eed nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc Kinh hi\u1ec7n nay th\u00ec r\u00f5.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ecb \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3 \u1eaft bi\u1ebft th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n th\u00f4ng qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c S\u00e1ng h\u1ed9i think-tank<\/em> quan tr\u1ecdng ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o. Ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Hoa K\u1ef3 trong hai v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ri\u00eang T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng. S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3 c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng m\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi. T\u1ea1i Anh ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 tr\u0103m, c\u00f2n to\u00e0n Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0n. Trong khi \u1ea5y Trung qu\u1ed1c l\u00ean t\u1edbi s\u1ed1 tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb hay ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u00f4ng H\u1ed3 C\u1ea9m \u0110\u00e0o ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a Trung qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e2u, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh. Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Trung qu\u1ed1c \u1edf B\u1eafc kinh bao g\u1ed3m 50 trung t\u00e2m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c s\u00e1ch v\u1edbi 260 b\u1ed9 m\u00f4n do 4000 nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh, m\u00e0 Trung qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c vi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 y c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o tr\u01b0ng c\u1ea7u d\u00e2n \u00fd ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 g\u00f3p \u00fd c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n d\u00e2n theo ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a d\u00e2n t\u00fay. Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea3ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Trung qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch th\u00f4ng qua kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u \u1edf c\u1ea5p chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n. T\u00f4i g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Gia C\u00e1t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ecdc Tam qu\u1ed1c ch\u00ed ta bi\u1ebft L\u01b0u B\u1ecb mu\u1ed1n d\u1ea5y nghi\u1ec7p l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn, khi\u00eam cung tam c\u1ed1 th\u1ea3o l\u01b0, ba l\u1ea7n ch\u1edd ch\u1ef1c g\u1eb7p xin Gia C\u00e1t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0m qu\u00e2n s\u01b0. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Gia C\u00e1t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u00e0y nay l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n \u0111ang gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft t\u1ea1i Trung qu\u1ed1c s\u1ef1 d\u1eb1n co gi\u1eefa Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi, sai l\u1ea1c, v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a T\u01b0 b\u1ea3n r\u1eebng r\u00fa. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m chi\u00a0? – \u0110\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Trung qu\u1ed1c nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5 Hoa K\u1ef3, t\u1ee9c gi\u1ea5c m\u1ed9ng \u0110\u1ea1i H\u00e1n x\u01b0a c\u0169. Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y ch\u1eebng 20 n\u0103m t\u1edbi. Trong khi \u1ea5y Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. T\u1ec7 h\u01a1n, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o n\u1ed5i gi\u1edbi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean gia t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n x\u00e0i x\u1ea1c, t\u1ef1 th\u1ecb v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng n\u1eeda tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ea5t x\u00e1m Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u1edf h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

N\u0103m 1988 t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u1eafc Kinh m\u1eddi tham quan Trung qu\u1ed1c hai tu\u1ea7n l\u1ec5. Th\u1ef1c ra th\u00ec h\u1ecd m\u1eddi t\u00f4i t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1982, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec b\u0103n kho\u0103n, do d\u1ef1 n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p nh\u1eadn. M\u00e3i t\u1edbi 1988 sau khi tham kh\u1ea3o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n s\u0129 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ecnh t\u00f4i m\u1edbi nh\u1eadn l\u1eddi \u0111i. Th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u1ea5y \u201ct\u00ecnh m\u00f4i h\u1edf r\u0103ng l\u1ea1nh\u201d Trung Vi\u1ec7t suy s\u1ee5p xi\u1ec3ng li\u1ec3ng th\u00e0nh tranh ch\u1ea5p nh\u01b0 s\u1eebng v\u1edbi \u0111u\u00f4i. H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i ch\u1eedi b\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng \u0110\u1ea1i H\u00e1n qua h\u1eb1ng lo\u1ea1t s\u00e1ch t\u1ed1 c\u00e1o chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ed5 kim, h\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0y nay h\u1ecd \u0111ang ch\u1eedi r\u1ee7a th\u1ebf \u201cl\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng\u201d ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, m\u00e0 t\u00f4i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ean \u201c\u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ecf\u201d. C\u00f2n ph\u00eda Trung qu\u1ed1c th\u00ec ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn gi\u1edbi ch\u1ed1ng C\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1i ba n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u0169 theo ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u201ck\u1ebb th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb th\u00f9 l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n\u201d. Th\u1eddi gian th\u0103m vi\u1ebfng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n ph\u00f4 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ed9t Trung qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

Qua Trung qu\u1ed1c t\u00f4i l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m l\u1ea1 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u, g\u1eb7p ai, h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u m\u1eddi xem b\u1eefa \u0103n c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh, ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0o n\u1ed3i c\u01a1m v\u00e0 m\u1ea5y \u0111\u0129a th\u1ecbt c\u00e1. \u1ede Nam Ninh, m\u1ea5y gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 d\u1eabn t\u00f4i qua c\u1ea7u ch\u1ec9 xu\u1ed1ng d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng th\u1eddi C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1o s\u01b0, sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb v\u1ee9t xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e2y. H\u1ecd c\u0169ng b\u1ea3o th\u01b0\u1edf \u1ea5y \u0111\u00f3i l\u1eafm, ch\u1ec9 \u0103n ch\u00e1o qua ng\u00e0y, h\u1ecda ho\u1eb1n m\u1ed9t hai l\u1ea7n trong th\u00e1ng m\u1edbi \u0103n c\u01a1m. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ecbt. R\u1ed3i than r\u1eb1ng \u201cth\u1ebf m\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u1ea5y Trung qu\u1ed1c vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 g\u1ea1o cho Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea5y. Ai ng\u1edd ng\u00e0y nay\u2026\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Th\u0103m th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Nam Ninh d\u1ef1ng t\u1eeb th\u1eddi B\u1eafc T\u1ed1ng t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00f2ng nh\u1edb c\u00e1c d\u00e3y ph\u1ed1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng L\u00fd Th\u01b0\u1eddng Ki\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y vi\u1ebft v\u0103n \u201cl\u1ed9 b\u1ed1\u201d \u1edf Ch\u00e2u Kh\u00e2m, Ch\u00e2u Ung. T\u00f4i xin \u0111i th\u0103m m\u1ed9 c\u1ee5 Nguy\u1ec5n Thi\u1ec7n Thu\u1eadt, m\u1ed9t trong hai m\u01b0\u01a1i ch\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng phong tr\u00e0o C\u1ea7n V\u01b0\u01a1ng thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1nh qu\u00e2n B\u00e3i S\u1eady. Vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, v\u00ec t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a s\u1eed gia Tr\u1ea7n Huy Li\u1ec7u vi\u1ebft sai \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u1edf ph\u00eda T\u00e2y. T\u1ed1n c\u00f4ng m\u1edbi t\u00ecm ra m\u1ed9 n\u1eb1m \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0110\u00f4ng b\u1eafc th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 nh\u1edd m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u1edf Vi\u1ec7n D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ea3ng T\u00e2y. L\u1ea1 th\u1eadt, Nam Ninh l\u00e0 h\u1eadu c\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng H\u1ed3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 cao c\u1ea5p H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i n\u01b0\u1eddm n\u01b0\u1ee3p sang b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng. Th\u1ebf m\u00e0 ch\u1ea3 ai ng\u00f3 ng\u00e0ng ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 v\u1ecb anh h\u00f9ng. Ki\u1ebfm ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u00e2u ra m\u1ed9t th\u1ebb h\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u00f4i ph\u1ee7 ph\u1ee5c tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t l\u1ea1y c\u1ee5 ba l\u1ea1y tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn. V\u1ec1 Paris vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9 t\u00f4i ng\u1eadm ng\u00f9i t\u1ea3 c\u1ea3nh ti\u00eau \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 tr\u00ean s\u01b0\u1eddn \u0111\u1ed3i n\u1eb1m chung v\u1edbi m\u01b0\u01a1i ng\u00f4i m\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eb9t. May c\u00f2n bia \u0111\u00e1 kh\u1eafc d\u00f2ng ch\u1eef \u201cVi\u1ec7t Nam C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ed1 T\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n Nguy\u1ec5n C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n Thu\u1eadt chi m\u1ed9\u201d. R\u1ed3i n\u00eau c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i l\u00e0m c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng cho ai\u00a0? V\u00e0i th\u00e1ng sau t\u00f4i nghe tin \u00f4ng Ho\u00e0ng V\u0103n Hoan vi\u1ebft th\u01b0 xin Trung qu\u1ed1c x\u00e2y l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9 cho c\u1ee5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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M\u1ed9 c\u1ee5 Nguy\u1ec5n Thi\u1ec7n Thu\u1eadt t\u1ea1i Nam Ninh, m\u1ed9t trong 20 ch\u1ee7 tu\u1edbng thu\u1ed9c Phong tr\u00e0o C\u1ea7n Vuong, xem th\u00eam lo\u1ea1t b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 chuy\u1ebfn vi\u1ebfng th\u0103m Trung qu\u1ed1c \u201c\u0110a t\u1edbi Tru\u1eddng th\u00e0nh\u201d<\/em> c\u1ee7a Thi Vu tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9 ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ean Trang nh\u00e0 Gio-O.com<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

\nNh\u1edd chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i t\u00f4i c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp t\u1ecda \u0111\u00e0m v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u1edf Vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Nam Ninh, \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ea3ng Ch\u00e2u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Thanh Hoa \u1edf B\u1eafc Kinh. T\u00f4i c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi th\u1ea5y t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc n\u1eb1m b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh s\u00e1ch b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. Qua c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0, sinh vi\u00ean, t\u00f4i c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu kh\u00f3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi, m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn Thi\u00ean An M\u00f4n v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng s\u00e1u 1989. Chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i n\u00e0y cho t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c T\u00e0u nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1ef1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng co k\u00edn c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, m\u00e0 sau n\u00e0y theo d\u00f5i t\u00f4i ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn theo nh\u01b0 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y l\u00fac n\u00e3y. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c khu kinh t\u1ebf m\u00e0 t\u00f4i ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn hay th\u0103m d\u00f2 trong chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i cho th\u1ea5y t\u00ednh th\u1ef1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e0u trong vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi ki\u1ec3u kinh t\u1ebf nh\u1eadp nh\u1eb1ng \u201c\u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng XHCN\u201d c\u1ee7a H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2007 ta th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 Trung qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea3ng m\u00f4 th\u1ee9c \u0110\u1eb7c khu kinh t\u1ebf sang Phi ch\u00e2u. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 hay \u0111ang th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i Zambia, Mauritania v\u00e0 Tanzania. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc Nam M\u1ef9 c\u0169ng \u0111ang h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00f2i m\u00f4 th\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Trung qu\u1ed1c. Theo Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (WB) th\u00ec \u0111ang c\u00f3 3000 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Trung qu\u1ed1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ea1i 120 qu\u1ed1c gia. Ch\u01b0a ai qu\u00ean giai tho\u1ea1i Q\u0169y Ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (IMF) th\u01b0\u01a1ng thuy\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Angola v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ed1ng tham nh\u0169ng th\u00ec m\u1edbi ch\u1ecbu cho vay l\u00e3i nh\u1eb9. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng v\u00e0i gi\u1edd tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi k\u00fd k\u1ebft (n\u0103m 2004) Angola tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1eb3ng c\u1ea7n ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Q\u0169y Ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf n\u1eefa, v\u00ec Trung qu\u1ed1c v\u1eeba cho vay 2 t\u1ec9 M\u1ef9 kim v\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i.<\/p>\n

T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c nhuy\u1ec5n<\/em> hay quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c nhu<\/em> (soft power) th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c m\u1ec1m<\/em> l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb M\u1ef9 Joseph Nye n\u0103m 1990, \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u1eafc kinh \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01a1n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00c2u M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00f3i chung, Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u00f3i ri\u00eang c\u1ea7n c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c cao \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c nhuy\u1ec5n\u00a0\/\u00a0quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c nhu<\/em> c\u1ee7a Trung qu\u1ed1c. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c x\u00e2m l\u0103ng ki\u1ec3u m\u1edbi d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a T\u00e0u, trao \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a, kinh t\u1ebf, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c di d\u00e2n kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 th\u00f4ng qua s\u1ef1 khai th\u00e1c h\u1ea7m m\u1ecf, khai ph\u00e1 n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u1ed1 x\u00e1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. Cu\u1ed9c di d\u00e2n ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u th\u00e0nh hi\u1ec3m h\u1ecda \u0111\u00e1ng cho ta th\u1ee9c t\u1ec9nh l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c di d\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e1n v\u00e0o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y cu\u1ed9c di d\u00e2n h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c ngh\u00ecn c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u00e0o khai th\u00e1c Bauxit T\u00e2y nguy\u00ean, H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng, Qu\u1ea3ng Ninh, Qu\u1ea3ng ng\u00e3i, C\u00e0 Mau\u2026 Ri\u00eang t\u1ea1i Phi ch\u00e2u th\u00ec c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Trung qu\u1ed1c gi\u00fap t\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadp c\u1ea3nh n\u1eeda tri\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n Trung qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng ba tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn t\u1ea1i Nam M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n M\u00e3 Vi\u1ec7n, Tho\u00e1t Hoan, Li\u1ec5u Th\u0103ng, T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb\u2026 d\u00f9ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u01b0\u01a1ng\u00a0\/\u00a0quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee9ng<\/em> x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01b0\u1edbc ta hay th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2u. M\u00e0 l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c nhu<\/em> (soft power) th\u00f4ng qua v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c di d\u00e2n th\u1ee3 thuy\u1ec1n kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3. L\u1ea1i c\u00f2n s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n gi\u1edbi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c T\u00e0u k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 trong \u0111\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0111ang quy m\u00f4 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u1ea1i t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i Trung qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n

Kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i, Trung qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang rao h\u00e0ng \u201cch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh\u201d c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u201cH\u1ee3p t\u00e1c Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i\u201d nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eadt Hoa K\u1ef3 ra kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Ch\u00e2u \u00c1. \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng Trung qu\u1ed1c ngay t\u1ea1i LHQ kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u1ecf, m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 sau cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn Iraq, qua vi\u1ec7c x\u00fai gi\u1ee5c c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc Phi ch\u00e2u c\u1ea3n ng\u0103n Nh\u1eadt b\u1ea3n v\u00e0o ng\u1ed3i gh\u1ebf \u1ee6y vi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng B\u1ea3o An, hay \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u1edbng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n LHQ thay th\u1ebf \u1ee6y h\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n LHQ tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eb1m suy y\u1ebfu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng Hoa K\u1ef3 t\u1ea1i di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf n\u00e0y. T\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng LHQ phi\u1ebfu b\u1ea7u cho Hoa K\u1ef3 t\u1ee5t t\u1eeb 50,6% n\u0103m 1995 xu\u1ed1ng 23,6% n\u0103m 2006. V\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n t\u1ea1i LHQ, Trung qu\u1ed1c t\u0103ng v\u1ecdt t\u1eeb 43% l\u00ean 82%, trong khi Hoa K\u1ef3 t\u1eeb 53% t\u1ee5t xu\u1ed1ng 22%\u00a0!<\/p>\n

H\u1eb3n nhi\u00ean ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea3ng t\u1ea1i Trung qu\u1ed1c ch\u00f3ng ch\u1ea7y s\u1ebd s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5. Nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i B\u1eafc Kinh v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n tinh vi c\u1ed5 kim \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1eadn \u0111\u1ee9ng s\u1ef1 n\u1ed5i lo\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

\u0110em ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Duy v\u1eadt v\u00f4 th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 phi t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o x\u00edch h\u00f3a n\u01b0\u1edbc T\u00e0u t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1949, nh\u01b0ng nay ti\u00ean ki\u1ebfn b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u00f9ng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng ch\u00e2u \u00c1, n\u00ean ng\u00e0y 16.4.2006 B\u1eafc kinh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u201c\u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi\u201d m\u1eddi 36 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn tham d\u1ef1.<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 90, Trung qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i Nho gi\u00e1o do gi\u1edbi h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec1 x\u01b0\u1edbng. R\u00fat b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 90, m\u1eabu qu\u1ed1c Li\u00ean x\u00f4 tan v\u1ee1, kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1eb1n s\u00e2u t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia theo C\u1ed9ng g\u00e2y th\u00e0nh cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ec1n kho\u00e1ng h\u1eadu. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc gi\u1edbi Trung qu\u1ed1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn n\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a v\u00e0 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a \u0111ang do v\u0103n minh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o. V\u1edbi t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn, Trung qu\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 bi\u1ebft \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 M\u00e1c \u2013 L\u00ea \u2013 Mao l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi. H\u1ecd quay v\u1ec1 c\u1ea7u c\u1ee9u Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ecdc, \u0111em \u00f4ng Kh\u1ed5ng T\u1eed ra ch\u00e0o h\u00e0ng. Hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang c\u00f3 tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u \u0111\u00f2i \u0111em T\u1ee9 th\u01b0, Ng\u0169 kinh v\u00e0o d\u1ea1y \u1edf c\u00e1c b\u1eadc ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 trung h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i Hoa l\u1ee5c. \u0110\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i th\u00ec B\u1eafc Kinh \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf h\u00e0ng t\u1ec9 b\u1ea1c m\u1edf tr\u00ean 200 H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n Kh\u1ed5ng T\u1eed tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi d\u1ea1y ch\u1eef H\u00e1n v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ed5 Trung qu\u1ed1c cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. Ri\u00eang t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 40 H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n Kh\u1ed5ng t\u1eed.<\/p>\n

Minh th\u1ecb cho tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vu \u0110an x\u1ea9y ra h\u1ed3i th\u00e1ng 10.2006. B\u00e0 Vu \u0110an, 41 tu\u1ed5i, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Tri\u1ebft t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc S\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m B\u1eafc kinh l\u00ean \u0110\u00e0i Truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng 7 bu\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u201cThu ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch Lu\u1eadn Ng\u1eef\u201d<\/em> thu h\u00fat h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe nh\u00ecn. Sau in th\u00e0nh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ee3t \u0111\u1ea7u b\u00e1n m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u cu\u1ed1n, v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng sau t\u00e1i b\u1ea3n b\u00e1n 3 tri\u1ec7u cu\u1ed1n. M\u1ed9t k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c trong ng\u00e0nh xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n s\u00e1ch, l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 c\u1ed5 th\u01b0 b\u1ecb Mao \u0111\u1ed1t b\u1ecf m\u1ea5y m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

Trong khi \u1ea5y ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i qu\u1ed1c h\u1ecdc \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 g\u00ec\u00a0? \u2013 \u0110\u01b0a m\u1ed9t tay h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh l\u00ean th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 \u201ct\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng\u201d (sic), cho ra v\u00e0i cu\u1ed1n vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 Kh\u1ed5ng h\u1ecdc s\u01a1 s\u00e0i, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn. C\u00f2n Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, trung \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00ec b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p kh\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u01a1ng tay. Ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb th\u1ee9 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 do \u0111\u1ea3ng n\u1eb7n ra l\u00e0m b\u00ecnh phong. C\u00f2n l\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea5y to\u00e0n nh\u1eefng ngh\u00ecn lu\u1ee3t l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u1ed1ng khua chu\u00f4ng, \u0103n m\u1eb7t \u00e1o m\u00e3o c\u1ea3i l\u01b0\u01a1ng, h\u00e1t b\u1ed9, n\u00f3i l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u201cH\u00f9ng v\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d, \u201cNguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7\u201d c\u1ed1t thu h\u00fat kh\u00e1ch du l\u1ecbch l\u00e0m ti\u1ec1n\u00a0! \u0110ua \u0111\u00f2i c\u00e1i m\u00e3 l\u00f2e lo\u1eb9t b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i nh\u01b0ng n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t v\u1eafng b\u00f3ng. M\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ecdc tr\u00ean Gi\u00f3 O b\u00e0i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 v\u0103n C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Nguy\u00ean Ng\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng t\u00e2m n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a Vi\u1ec7t. T\u00f4i xin tr\u00edch v\u00e0i l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Nguy\u00ean Ng\u1ecdc\u00a0:<\/p>\n

\u201cN\u1ed7i lo l\u1edbn b\u00e2y gi\u1edd l\u00e0 d\u00f9 kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f3 \u0111ang kh\u00e1 l\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1 theo, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n sa s\u00fat. \u0110ang c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea3 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i lao \u0111i l\u00e0m kinh t\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 trong t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp “kh\u00e1 gi\u1ea3” nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn v\u0103n h\u00f3a, quan t\u00e2m t\u1edbi c\u00e1ch \u1ee9ng x\u1eed c\u00f3 v\u0103n h\u00f3a. V\u0103n h\u00f3a tr\u1ecdc ph\u00fa \u0111ang tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. (\u2026) \u0110\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00f9a mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u00e2m u, tr\u1ea7m t\u01b0, y\u00ean t\u0129nh. K\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa ph\u1ed1, b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o ch\u00f9a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian kh\u00e1c h\u1eb3n, khi\u1ebfn con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta l\u1eafng l\u1ea1i. Nh\u01b0ng gi\u1edd th\u00ec \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00e2u c\u0169ng thi \u0111ua tr\u00f9ng tu, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ch\u00f9a. (\u2026) H\u00ecnh th\u00e1i ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u00e3 “h\u1ecfng”, c\u00e1ch \u1ee9ng x\u1eed trong c\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng gian t\u00f4n nghi\u00eam \u1ea5y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng bu\u1ed3n. \u0110\u00e3 c\u00f3 l\u1ea7n t\u00f4i c\u00f9ng nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 D\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00f9a Th\u00e1p B\u00fat, th\u1ea5y t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng “h\u00e1t kinh” c\u00f3 nh\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ec7m, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 trong nh\u00e0 th\u1edd. C\u00e1ch t\u1ee5ng kinh Ph\u1eadt ch\u1eadm r\u00e3i, nh\u1ea5n nh\u00e1 \u00ea, a kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u00fat g\u00ec gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi nh\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ec7m nh\u00e0 th\u1edd \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y c\u1ea3. T\u1ebft n\u0103m ngo\u00e1i t\u00f4i l\u00ean ch\u00f9a Ph\u1eadt T\u00edch, \u0111i t\u1eeb ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0o t\u1edbi s\u00e2n trong to\u00e0n th\u1ea5y m\u00f9i… m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbng\u00a0!\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0110\u1ea1i H\u00e0n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n l\u00e0 hai qu\u1ed1c gia d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea9m k\u1ebft m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 sai l\u1ea1c, l\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia theo th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, t\u1ef1 do m\u1edbi c\u00f3 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i to\u00e0n tr\u1ecb, qu\u00e2n phi\u1ec7t, ph\u00e1t x\u00edt, th\u00ec thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh tri\u1ec7u ph\u00fa b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111a d\u00e2n ch\u00fang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng b\u1ea7n h\u00e0n, th\u1ea5t h\u1ecdc. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 qu\u00e1 r\u00f5 khi ta so s\u00e1nh m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean, m\u00e0 Nam H\u00e0n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u00f9 tr\u1eddi, B\u1eafc H\u00e0n theo C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n d\u00e2n ch\u00fang \u0111\u00f3i meo.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 gi\u1ecfi khi \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u1ebb, khi g\u00e1nh v\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng s\u1edf \u00c2u M\u1ef9 th\u01b0\u1eddng khen s\u1ef1 ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9, gi\u1ecfi dang, c\u1ea7n c\u00f9 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t. Nh\u01b0ng gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang ta v\u1edbi nhau th\u00ec l\u1ea1i kh\u1eafc kh\u1ea9u, kh\u1eafc \u00fd, \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi x\u1ec9 v\u1ea3 nhau kinh ni\u00ean. Nh\u1eefng ai c\u00f2n l\u01b0u t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn sinh m\u1ec7nh con ch\u00e1u Vua H\u00f9ng, c\u1ea7n t\u1eadp l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c chung gi\u1eefa hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi, r\u1ed3i b\u1ed1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ean t\u1edbi c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng\u2026<\/p>\n

S\u1eed gia n\u1ed5i danh Arnold Toynbee, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh, ti\u00ean li\u1ec7u thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 ba s\u1ebd l\u00e0 thi\u00ean k\u1ef7 c\u1ee7a \u00c1 ch\u00e2u hay Phi ch\u00e2u. \u00c2u ch\u00e2u \u0111ang \u0111i xu\u1ed1ng v\u00ec tranh ch\u1ea5p n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9, m\u1ea5t vi\u1ec5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi sau giai k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e0n t\u1ea1. Nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea3nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt b\u1ea3n, Trung qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 tin r\u1eb1ng \u00c1 ch\u00e2u s\u1ebd l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t cho th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

B\u1edfi v\u1eady mu\u1ed1n tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i nh\u01b0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb hai ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m qua, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ea7n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb nhanh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u00e2u \u00c1 cho m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m n\u0103m t\u1edbi tr\u00ean c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, v\u0103n h\u00f3a, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, nh\u00e2n v\u0103n, kinh t\u1ebf, khoa h\u1ecdc. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u00f3i tr\u00ean ph\u1ea1m vi t\u1ea1i th\u1ebf. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u1ecdng thi\u1ebft h\u01a1n\u00a0: m\u1ed9t ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00fai, m\u1ed9t ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1p h\u1ea3i tri\u1ec1u, ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec7n th\u1ebf ra sao tr\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed9c s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a hai n\u1ec1n tri\u1ebft l\u00fd T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eeb Platon \u0111\u1ebfn M\u00e1c-L\u00eanin\u00a0? Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t ph\u1ea3i g\u1eb7p nhau tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i\u00a0!<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ecb h\u1ecfi Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u00ean r\u00fat b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n\u00a0?<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t l\u00e0 v\u1ee9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n v\u00e0o h\u1ed1 r\u00e1c, nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ee9t ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n v\u00e0o h\u1ed1 r\u00e1c l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 90. Tr\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 cho L\u00e9nine, Staline, Mao Tr\u1ea1ch \u0110\u00f4ng, H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh 73 n\u0103m th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u00e2n sinh (1917 \u2013 1990). Nh\u01b0ng 73 n\u0103m \u1ea5y c\u00e1c \u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m hai \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u00f4 s\u1ea3n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n ngh\u00e8o v\u00e0 th\u1ea3m s\u00e1t gi\u1edbi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c. Th\u1ebf th\u00ec \u0111eo \u0111u\u1ed5i l\u00e0m chi s\u1ef1 h\u1ee7 b\u1ea1i l\u00e3o suy\u00a0?<\/p>\n

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Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n

10. L\u00ea Th\u1ecb Hu\u1ec7\u00a0: T\u1ea1i sao \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng tranh \u0111\u1ea5u cho Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u00f3i chung. T\u1ea1i sao \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tranh \u0111\u1ea5u cho Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o\u00a0?<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u00f5 V\u0103n \u00c1i\u00a0:<\/strong> V\u1eeba l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t v\u1eeba l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 xung kh\u1eafc gi\u1eefa Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 khi tham gia th\u1ebf s\u1ef1, c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 Khu\u00f4ng Vi\u1ec7t, V\u1ea1n H\u1ea1nh, c\u00e1c C\u01b0 s\u0129 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o L\u00fd C\u00f4ng U\u1ea9n, L\u00fd Th\u01b0\u1eddng Ki\u1ec7t, Tr\u1ea7n H\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ea1o, Tr\u1ea7n Nh\u00e2n T\u00f4ng, Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u00e3i\u2026 h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a gi\u1eefa Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e2u, tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m tham gia c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed c\u1ed1t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 Con Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi h\u00e0nh trang t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o nh\u1ea5t, l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt, m\u1ed9t t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 g\u00e2y th\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfn v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai hay t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o n\u00e0o. Nh\u00e0 b\u00e1c h\u1ecdc Albert Einstein \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u201cPh\u1eadt gi\u00e1o ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u cho nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mong \u0111\u1ee3i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o quy m\u00f4 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf c\u00e1 th\u1ec3, tho\u00e1t ly t\u00edn \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u00e0 th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc\u00a0; bao tr\u00f9m c\u1ea3 hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 t\u00e2m linh. Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng tr\u00ean gi\u00e1c quan \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd t\u1eeb n\u1ed7i kh\u00e1t khao th\u1ec3 nghi\u1ec7m m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt, thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u00e2m linh, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7y \u00fd ngh\u0129a (\u2026) N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng khoa h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o\u201d<\/em>. (Buddhism has the characteristics of what would be expected in a cosmic religion for the future\u00a0: It transcends a personal God, avoids dogmas and theology\u00a0; it covers both the natural and spritual\u00a0; and it is based on a religious sense aspiring from the experience of all things, natural and spiritual, as a meaningful unity. (\u2026) If there is any religion that would cope with modern scientific needs it would be Buddhism).<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 l\u1ebd t\u00f4i c\u1ea7n khai tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00fat \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecb n\u1eafm b\u1eaft th\u1eddi cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111\u01b0a t\u00f4i v\u00e0o hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng h\u00f4m nay khi\u1ebfn ch\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecfi \u201cT\u1ea1i sao\u2026\u201d.<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i t\u1eeb 1963 \u0111\u1ebfn 1970. Sau \u0111\u1ea5y t\u00f4i t\u1eeb ch\u1ee9c, \u0111i l\u00e0m nh\u00e0 in v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n t\u1ea1i Paris.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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\"To\u00e0<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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To\u00e0 so\u1ea1n t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9<\/strong> v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf U\u1ef7 ban B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 Quy\u1ec1n L\u00e0m Ngu\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/strong> th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 1975 \u2013 2000, cung l\u00e0 tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf U\u1ef7 ban M\u1ed9t Chi\u1ebfc T\u00e0u cho Vi\u1ec7t Nam (T\u00e0u \u0110\u1ea3o \u00c1nh S\u00e1ng)<\/strong> ra \u0111\u1eddi n\u0103m 1978\u00a0: 25 rue Jaffeux \u2013 92230 Gennevilliers v\u00f9ng ngo\u1ea1i \u00f4 b\u1eafc Paris. H\u00ecnh du\u1edbi l\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 in tu nh\u00e2n VOV c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ra \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1970, cung l\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9 in c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch v\u0103n h\u1ecdc. L\u1ee3i t\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 in tu nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Co s\u1edf Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9 t\u1eeb 1975 \u0111\u1ebfn 1982 l\u00e0 n\u0103m nh\u00e0 in b\u1ecb t\u1ecbch bi\u00ean gia s\u1ea3n do ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng Nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 C\u1ee9u S\u1ed1ng Ngu\u1eddi Vu\u1ee3t Bi\u1ec3n.<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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\"To\u00e0<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/table>\n

Khi b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm mi\u1ec1n Nam ng\u00e0y 30.4.1975, t\u00f4i c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ea1n \u1edf Paris th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp C\u01a1 s\u1edf Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9 v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 10.1975 v\u00e0 cho \u1ea5n h\u00e0nh T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9, s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ra m\u1eaft ng\u00e0y 1.2.1976 v\u00e0o d\u1ecbp T\u1ebft B\u00ednh Th\u00ecn. Ti\u00eau \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed thu g\u1ecdn v\u00e0o ti\u00eau ng\u00f4n\u00a0: \u201cNh\u01b0 chim h\u1ed3ng chim h\u1ea1c. D\u00f9 l\u01b0u l\u1ea1c m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn bay m\u00e3i tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng tr\u1eddi qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u0110u\u00f4i xo\u00e8 \u0111o\u00e1 sen, l\u01b0ng ch\u1edf n\u00fai, l\u00f2ng \u00f4m m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, \u0111\u00f4i m\u1eaft tr\u1eebng tr\u1eebng nh\u00ecn h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng xanh, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i c\u00e1nh l\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m r\u01a1i r\u1ee5ng ngh\u00ecn d\u1eb7m c\u00e1ch chia\u201d.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n
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\"B\u00e1o<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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B\u00e1o International Herald Tribune<\/strong> Hoa K\u1ef3 ng\u00e0y 29.11.1976 vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9. B\u00e1o Le Monde<\/strong> Ph\u00e1p gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p s\u1ed1 Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9 Qu\u1ed1c Kh\u00e1ng 30.4 n\u0103m 1978<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

\nT\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong v\u00e0i t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ra \u0111\u1eddi sau ng\u00e0y tang th\u01b0\u01a1ng 30.4.1975. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd ch\u1eb3ng ai c\u00f2n s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i, nh\u01b0ng th\u1eddi \u1ea5y, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9 l\u00e0 t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed hi\u1ebfm hoi, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng duy nh\u1ea5t, d\u00e1m \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00ean th\u1eadt ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 bi\u00ean, thay v\u00ec b\u00fat hi\u1ec7u, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 th\u1eadt thay v\u00ec h\u1ed9p th\u01b0. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y nay ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f2n quan tr\u1ecdng, hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00ean, song \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc, y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i hoang mang, s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i, m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd.<\/p>\n

D\u00f9 t\u00f4i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u01b0\u1edbng xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh, nh\u01b0ng C\u01a1 s\u1edf Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o hay \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u cho Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i n\u00e0o. Ti\u00eau \u0111\u00edch anh em ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd l\u00e0 V\u0103n h\u00f3a Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 Nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n. B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a Vi\u1ec7t \u0111ang b\u1ecb n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a M\u00e1c x\u00edt uy hi\u1ebfp, v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 Quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0m Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam tr\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ee7 thuy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng-c\u00f3-con-ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n. Kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i v\u00ec t\u00f4i ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng theo \u0111\u1ea3ng n\u00e0o. L\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n nh\u00e2n danh Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o v\u00ec t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m 75 l\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ebft li\u00ean d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1ed1c n\u1ea1n chung. M\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7n g\u1ea1t qua b\u00ean qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ee7 m\u1edbi cho qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

Sau 7 n\u0103m c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam v\u1edbi 13 h\u1ed9i \u0111o\u00e0n t\u1ea1i Paris, r\u1ed3i sau \u0111\u1ea5y, 10 n\u0103m \u0111i du thuy\u1ebft, ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9i \u0111o\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t \u0111i\u1ec3m \u01b0u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng c\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u00fd h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ed1ng C\u1ed9ng. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec3m khuy\u1ebft l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 chia r\u1ebd, ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a, k\u1ef3 th\u1ecb v\u00f9ng mi\u1ec1n, t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, th\u1edd \u01a1 v\u1edbi xu th\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u d\u00f9 s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

Sinh ho\u1ea1t chung th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ec7 ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb, ti\u1ec3u ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n l\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t. N\u1eb7ng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3ng tranh<\/strong><\/em>, m\u1ed9t h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1945. Tho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3ng tranh Qu\u1ed1c-C\u1ed9ng, sau th\u00e0nh Qu\u1ed1c-Qu\u1ed1c. V\u00ec v\u1eady tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5u tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea5y \u201cqu\u00e2n ta th\u1eafng qu\u00e2n m\u00ecnh\u201d, b\u1ecf ng\u1ecf cho \u0111\u1ecbch ho\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh. \u0110i\u1ec3m b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i kh\u00e1c, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ch\u1ed1ng C\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng V\u01b0\u1ee3t C\u1ed9ng. V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u1edf l\u00ec n\u01a1i th\u1ebf ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ee7 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng. V\u00f4 h\u00ecnh trung gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tranh th\u1ee7 th\u1eddi gian x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n, n\u1eb1m v\u00f9ng, t\u1ea1o ly gi\u00e1n. \u0110\u00e1ng bu\u1ed3n l\u00e0 trong t\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u1ea5y nh\u1eefng phong tr\u00e0o Ch\u1ed1ng C\u1ed9ng \u0111ang vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 \u201cth\u1eddi gian\u201d cho C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng. Ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i ho\u00e1 ra li\u00ean minh\u00a0! M\u00e2u thu\u1eabn h\u1ebft ch\u1ed7 n\u00f3i.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 m\u1eafc c\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u1ed1ng C\u1ed9ng. Ch\u1ed1ng cho th\u1ecfa t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng \u1ea5m \u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c th\u00f9 h\u1eadn, mong t\u00ecm l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3nh v\u00e0ng son th\u01b0\u1edf tr\u01b0\u1edbc (s\u1ebd ch\u1eb3ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 l\u1ea1i). Nh\u01b0ng m\u1ea5t li\u00ean h\u1ec7 m\u00e1u th\u1ecbt v\u1edbi xu th\u1ebf th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u1ed1i qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng kh\u1ed5 \u00e1ch, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t kh\u1ecfi t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn hay \u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n cha b\u1ecb C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n gi\u1ebft n\u0103m 75, g\u1eb7p t\u00f4i t\u1ea1i Paris anh u\u1ea5t h\u1eadn n\u00f3i s\u1ebd b\u00e1o th\u00f9 cha v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd nh\u00ecn m\u1eb7t b\u1ecdn \u00e1c \u00f4n c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n. Ba m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m sau g\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i anh \u1edf M\u1ef9 anh cho bi\u1ebft \u0111ang l\u00e0m th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 th\u0103m Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia h\u1ed3i c\u00f2n b\u00e9 t\u1edbi th\u1eddi trung ni\u00ean, t\u00f4i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay cho Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb 1975 \u0111\u1ebfn 1992.<\/p>\n

Sang n\u0103m 1992 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i l\u00e3o H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u00edch \u0110\u00f4n H\u1eadu vi\u00ean t\u1ecbch \u1edf Hu\u1ebf. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ng\u00e0i kh\u00e1 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. Do H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1o cao \u0111\u1ee9c tr\u1ecdng, uy t\u00edn l\u1edbn trong qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o mi\u1ec1n Trung. N\u00ean M\u1eadu Th\u00e2n Hu\u1ebf n\u0103m 1968, Vi\u1ec7t C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00f9a Linh M\u1ee5 b\u1eaft ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0a l\u00ean n\u00fai nh\u1eafm m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o v\u1ed1n ch\u1ed1ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n. L\u00fac \u1ea5y ng\u00e0i b\u1ecb xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y n\u1eb7ng, m\u1eb7c ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng ch\u00f9a Linh M\u1ee5 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i, Vi\u1ec7t C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1eb7t ng\u00e0i v\u00e0o v\u00f5ng g\u00e1nh \u0111i. T\u00f4i c\u00f3 cu\u1ed1n b\u0103ng ghi \u00e2m tr\u00ean hai gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 ng\u00e0i k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb giai \u0111o\u1ea1n M\u1eadu Th\u00e2n Hu\u1ebf cho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi v\u1ec1 l\u1ea1i Mi\u1ec1n Nam sau 75 v\u00e0 c\u1ef1c l\u1ef1c ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y v\u00ec l\u00fd do \u201c\u0111\u1ea3ng tranh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb\u201d, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho v\u00e1n b\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea3ng h\u1ecd th\u1eddi h\u1eadu C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, n\u00ean n\u00f4n n\u00f3ng d\u1eb9p tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ecdi sinh th\u1ee9c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, m\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 k\u1ebb th\u00f9 s\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. B\u1ed7ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1 v\u01a1 vi\u1ebft b\u00e0i, vi\u1ebft s\u00e1ch t\u1ed1 c\u00e1o Ho\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u00edch \u0110\u00f4n H\u1eadu v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi T\u0103ng l\u1eef \u1edf Hu\u1ebf theo C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n g\u00e2y bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng Mi\u1ec1n Trung gi\u1eefa th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 60. B\u1ecdn ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd ch\u1ecbu gh\u00e9 m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u B\u1ed9 Ngo\u1ea1i giao Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 CIA gi\u1ea3i m\u1eadt t\u1eeb 2005 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m nay, 2009. \u0110\u1ecdc xong b\u1ecdn h\u1ecd s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i h\u1ed7 th\u1eb9n v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch b\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u01a1ng trong ki\u1ec3u vi\u1ebft l\u00e1ch vu h\u1ecda v\u00e0 d\u1ed1i g\u1ea1t, xem th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang th\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1 g\u1ea1ch v\u00f4 tri\u00a0?\u00a0!<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n ch\u00fat th\u00f4ng minh t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u t\u1ea5t hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng \u00d4ng Th\u1ea7y Tu tay kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea5c s\u1eaft, t\u00fai kh\u00f4ng l\u1ee7ng l\u1eb3ng \u0111\u00f4 la, th\u00ec l\u00e0m sao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u201cd\u00e2ng Mi\u1ec1n Nam\u201d cho C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n\u00a0?\u00a0! Trong khi \u1ea5y s\u00fang \u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea7y ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1eb1ng tri\u1ec7u l\u00ednh C\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t, m\u1eadt v\u1ee5, v\u1edbi n\u1eeda tri\u1ec7u qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i M\u1ef9 ti\u1ebfp tay, h\u00e0ng t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la \u0111\u1ed5 r\u00f3t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam v\u00e0o chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y qu\u1ed1c gia, t\u1eeb b\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng tin, chi\u00eau h\u1ed3i, \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng \u2026 Nh\u1eefng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 Mi\u1ec1n Nam\u00a0? Ai b\u1ecf ng\u1ecf Mi\u1ec1n Nam\u00a0? Ai ch\u1ea1y d\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7tth\u00e1ng T\u01b0 n\u0103m 1975\u00a0? \u0110\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 v\u00e0ng, \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf n\u01b0\u1edbc ra \u0111i trong \u0111\u00eam t\u1ed1i m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n l\u1ec5 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi C\u1ed9ng qu\u00e2n v\u00e0o Saigon\u00a0!<\/p>\n

\u1ea4y l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a n\u00f3i hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u1ea7ng cao ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, b\u00e1o ch\u00ed\u2026 Nh\u1eefng Hu\u1ef3nh V\u0103n Tr\u1ecdng, Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea3o, Ba Qu\u1ed1c \u0110\u1eb7ng Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c, Ph\u1ea1m Xu\u00e2n \u1ea8n, v.v\u2026 \u0110i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh b\u00e1o chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c V\u0169 Ng\u1ecdc Nh\u1ea1 v\u1edbi t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n t\u00ecnh b\u00e1o \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o n\u1eb1m ngay trong Ph\u1ee7 T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi hai tri\u1ec1u Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Thi\u1ec7u. T\u1eadp s\u00e1ch \u201c\u00d4ng C\u1ed1 V\u1ea5n\u201d<\/em> v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a V\u0169 Ng\u1ecdc Nh\u1ea1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u1ea5n h\u00e0nh, c\u00f2n in r\u00f5 th\u1ee7 b\u00fat H\u1ed3ng Y Francis Joseph Spellman (M\u1ef9) b\u00e0n t\u00ednh v\u1edbi Nh\u1ea1 vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng cho Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a, th\u1ee7 b\u00fat th\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1m \u01a1n Nh\u1ea1 \u0111\u00e3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c linh m\u1ee5c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n M\u1ef9 gi\u00fap Thi\u1ec7u\u00a0<\/a>(8)<\/a>\u00a0!<\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf m\u00e0 nay b\u1ed7ng nhi\u00ean nh\u1eefng bao l\u00e0 s\u00e1ch, b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft, di\u1ec5n thuy\u1ebft, truy\u1ec1n thanh\u2026 tr\u00fat h\u1ebft t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i \u201cm\u1ea5t Mi\u1ec1n Nam\u201d l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u00d4ng Th\u1ea7y Tu tay kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea5c s\u1eaft\u00a0! Ngh\u0129 c\u0169ng l\u1ea1. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed hay m\u01b0u m\u00f4, th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u1ea1n\u00a0?<\/p>\n

Ai c\u0169ng th\u1eeba bi\u1ebft, c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c r\u1ed3i c\u00f5ng g\u00e1nh ra \u0111\u1ebfn mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, vai tr\u00f2 Ho\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u00edch \u0110\u00f4n H\u1eadu m\u1edd nh\u1ea1t. H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i d\u00f9ng ng\u00e0i nh\u01b0 b\u00ecnh phong Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o cho cu\u1ed9c tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1969 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ho\u00e0ng th\u00e2n Sihanouk m\u1eddi th\u0103m Cam B\u1ed1t, t\u00ecnh c\u1edd t\u00f4i c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp g\u1eb7p v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi th\u0103m v\u1ec1 Ho\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng khi g\u1eb7p \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Hi\u1ebfu, \u0110\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng t\u1ea1i Nam Vang. \u00d4ng Hi\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea5t \u1ea5p \u00fang v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i v\u00e0 t\u1ecf v\u1ebb l\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea1t v\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n r\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eafc, t\u1ef1 ki\u00eau ngay c\u1ea3 khi h\u1ecd ch\u01b0a th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i.<\/p>\n

Sau 1975 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Nam, H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u00edch \u0110\u00f4n H\u1eadu l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong l\u1edbp ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf B\u1eafc v\u1ec1. \u0110\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 h\u00e0ng gi\u00e1o ph\u1ea9m l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Vi\u1ec7n H\u00f3a \u0110\u1ea1o, Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, c\u0169ng h\u1ed3 nghi ng\u00e0i \u201ctheo\u201d C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n. Nh\u01b0ng sau 8 n\u0103m xa c\u00e1ch, v\u00e0 sau bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u00fd ki\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh m\u1edbi v\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7n H\u00f3a \u0110\u1ea1o \u1edf Saigon, c\u1ed1 H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u00edch Thi\u1ec7n Minh \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn kh\u00e1 h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 \u201cT\u01b0\u1edfng H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7c \u00e1o \u0111\u1ecf, n\u00e0o ng\u1edd l\u00f2ng \u00f4ng v\u1eabn v\u00e0ng. \u0110i l\u00e2u m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i\u00a0\/\u00a0\u1ede l\u00e2u m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft con ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee7y chung\u201d<\/em>. T\u1ea1i bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp n\u00e0y ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n r\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4n ngoan gi\u00fap Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi nan \u0111\u1ec1 C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n. C\u00e2u \u1ea9n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i m\u00e0 t\u00f4i t\u00e2m \u0111\u1eafc l\u00e0\u00a0:<\/p>\n

\u201cCh\u00fang ta c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng xi\u1ec3n d\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p. G\u1eb7p th\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3ng di\u1ec5n tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi, h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi, tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi. C\u00f2n khi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3ng di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta gi\u1ea3ng cho 5 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, cho 10 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ed7 gi\u1ea3ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, th\u00e0nh ra \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fac\u201d.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Ngay n\u0103m 1976, trong cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i ki\u1ebfn v\u1edbi \u00f4ng Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n \u0110\u1ed3ng hay t\u1ea1i kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdp Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i k\u1ef3 2 \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u00f4n H\u1eadu \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n t\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n Nam, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ecbch th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p, m\u00e0 H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u201cN\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 Th\u1ea7y tu, th\u00ec c\u00e1i gh\u1ebf c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i s\u1ebd phang l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u \u00f4ng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p\u00a0!\u201d<\/em> C\u00e2u n\u00e0y v\u0103ng v\u1eb3ng trong t\u00f4i khi t\u00f4i nh\u00ecn v\u00e0 bu\u1ed3n cho th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn m\u1ed9t \u201cthi\u1ec1n s\u01b0\u201d l\u01b0u vong nh\u01b0 Nh\u1ea5t H\u1ea1nh c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi b\u00e0 Ch\u00e2n Kh\u00f4ng hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u1ed3i ch\u1ea7u h\u1ea7u \u00f4ng b\u00e0 V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i trong b\u1ee9c h\u00ecnh ch\u1ee5p g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y. Th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u1eadc Cao t\u0103ng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o d\u00e1m xem quy\u1ec1n b\u00ednh nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00f4i d\u00e9p r\u00e1ch, ch\u1eb3ng b\u00e1i l\u1ea1y c\u01b0\u1eddng quy\u1ec1n. L\u1ebd ra \u201cPh\u1eadt t\u1eed\u201d V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee9ng h\u1ea7u b\u00ean \u00f4ng \u201cthi\u1ec1n s\u01b0\u201d ch\u1ee9. Ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng\u00a0?<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t Ho\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u00f4n H\u1eadu c\u00f2n t\u1ed1 c\u00e1o b\u00e0n tay C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n gi\u1ebft H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u00edch Thi\u1ec7n Minh, \u0111\u00f2i \u0111\u01b0a ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u00f4ng l\u00fd. H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f3i th\u1eb3ng v\u1edbi C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 d\u00e2n t\u00ecnh mi\u1ec1n Nam r\u1eb1ng\u00a0:<\/p>\n

\u201cT\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft, th\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u00eau, k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng<\/strong> [c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n mi\u1ec1n Nam] ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 10 ng\u00e0y<\/strong> [sau khi C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n v\u00e0o Nam]. Sau 10 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3\u00a0: T\u00ecnh \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft x\u01b0a nay b\u00e2y gi\u1edd r\u00e3 h\u1ebft. L\u00f2ng y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh gh\u00e9t cay gh\u00e9t \u0111\u1eafng\u00a0! S\u1ef1 k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng b\u00e2y gi\u1edd ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i khinh \u0111\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3\u00a0!\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00f4i ch\u01b0a nghe v\u1ecb l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o hay ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb n\u00e0o d\u00e1m n\u00f3i th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o m\u1eb7t C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf sau n\u0103m 1975. Th\u1ebf m\u00e0 nay, 34 n\u0103m sau, nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb c\u00e2m mi\u1ec7ng h\u1ebfn b\u1ed7ng c\u1ea5t l\u1eddi t\u1ed1 c\u00e1o Ho\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi T\u0103ng l\u1eef Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, thay v\u00ec t\u1ed1 c\u00e1o ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 gian \u00e1c \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb 1976, H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u00edch \u0110\u00f4n H\u1eadu t\u1eeb b\u1ecf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 b\u1ecb g\u00e1n k\u1ebft nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i, \u1ee6y vi\u00ean M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 \u201cb\u1ecb\u201d \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eed v\u00e0o Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Nh\u00e0 N\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u00ean lo cho Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t trong ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 m\u1edbi, Ch\u00e1nh Th\u01b0 k\u00fd ki\u00eam X\u1eed l\u00fd Th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ee5 Vi\u1ec7n T\u0103ng th\u1ed1ng, k\u1ebf t\u1ee5c cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh cho t\u1ef1 do t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n

Trong cu\u1ed9c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea7u c\u1eed qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i \u1edf Th\u1eeba thi\u00ean – Hu\u1ebf gi\u1eefa n\u0103m 1976, M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Ban D\u00e2n v\u1eadn m\u1edf c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp khu ph\u1ed1, ph\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f3m, v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u00e2n ch\u00fang \u0111\u1eebng b\u1ea7u cho H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u00edch \u0110\u00f4n H\u1eadu v\u1edbi ba l\u00fd do m\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1ee7a C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang\u00a0:<\/p>\n

\n1. \u201cB\u1ea7u m\u1ea5y \u00f4ng gi\u00e0 m\u1ec7t l\u1eafm. Gi\u00e0 th\u00ec ch\u1ebft th\u00f4i, m\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng b\u1ea7u l\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c\u00a0;<\/strong><\/p>\n

2. \u00d4ng \u0110\u00f4n H\u1eadu th\u1ea5y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 tranh \u0111\u1ea5u, nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng tranh \u0111\u1ea5u cho Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, ch\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e2u ph\u1ea3i cho d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c\u00a0?\u00a0;<\/strong><\/p>\n

3. \u00d4n \u0110\u00f4n H\u1eadu c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u0111i v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, nh\u01b0ng m\u00e0 \u00d4n b\u1ecb b\u1eaft ch\u1edb \u0111\u00e2u ph\u1ea3i \u00d4n t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n \u0111i\u00a0!<\/strong><\/em>\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

C\u1ea7n n\u00f3i ngay \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, l\u00e0 H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u00f4n H\u1eadu kh\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb ra \u1ee9ng c\u1eed v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb tu s\u0129, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ecb nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n b\u00f3 bu\u1ed9c. \u00d4ng Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1eefu Th\u1ecd \u0111\u00edch th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1eb7p ri\u00eang H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u00f4n H\u1eadu kh\u1ea9n n\u00e0i\u00a0: \u201cT\u00f4i xin thay m\u1eb7t Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 L\u00e2m th\u1eddi, v\u00e0 ri\u00eang t\u00f4i, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u00e1c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p\u201d. Th\u1eddi \u1ea5y, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1eddi M\u1eadu Th\u00e2n 1968, C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o l\u00e0m b\u00ecnh phong. V\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i, Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 mang s\u1eafc th\u00e1i \u201cch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n\u201d. \u0110\u1ed1i n\u1ed9i th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 chinh ph\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed ch\u1ed1ng C\u1ed9ng. V\u00ec v\u1eady m\u00e0 \u00e9p bu\u1ed9c H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ra \u1ee9ng c\u1eed, nh\u01b0ng m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1eb7c qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o.<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb h\u1ed3i \u1edf Hu\u1ebf gi\u1eefa th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 40. Sang th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 50 t\u00f4i b\u1ec9nh b\u00fat cho nguy\u1ec7t san Li\u00ean Hoa, c\u01a1 quan ng\u00f4n lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a T\u0103ng gi\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n Trung, do ng\u00e0i l\u00e0m Ch\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec7m. N\u00ean sau n\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng ph\u1ee5c nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u00f4n H\u1eadu qua hai h\u00e0nh x\u1eed d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o\u00a0:<\/p>\n

Th\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea1i Hu\u1ebf n\u0103m 46, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Ph\u00e1p b\u1eaft ng\u00e0i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1ebft. Trong ba ng\u00e0y ch\u00fang b\u1eaft ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1ee9 b\u1eafn. Ng\u00e0i ung dung v\u00e0 tr\u1ea7m t\u0129nh v\u1eeba \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t v\u1eeba t\u1ee5ng ch\u00fa \u0110\u1ea1i Bi. Nh\u1edd b\u00e0 T\u1eeb Cung (m\u1eb9 vua B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i) can thi\u1ec7p n\u00ean ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 t\u1ef1 do.<\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh x\u1eed th\u1ee9 hai t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i n\u0103m 1969 khi \u00f4ng H\u1ed3 m\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc y\u00eau c\u1ea7u H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u00f4n H\u1eadu c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o thay phi\u00ean v\u1edbi B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ee9ng g\u00e1c quan t\u00e0i H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh. D\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e2y v\u1eeba l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u00e2n, v\u1eeba l\u00e0 vinh d\u1ef1 cao c\u1ea5p, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng l\u00e0 v\u1eadt tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n r\u1eb1ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi \u201ck\u00ednh y\u00eau B\u00e1c H\u1ed3\u201d. M\u1eb7c bao \u00e1p l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u00f4n H\u1eadu kh\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb. Ng\u00e0i cho h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea1y b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai (b\u1ea5t b\u00e1i qu\u00e2n v\u01b0\u01a1ng) ngo\u00e0i \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt. B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb b\u1ebd l\u00fd lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y khi n\u00f3i\u00a0: \u201cB\u00e1c tuy T\u0103ng s\u0129 nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n tham gia c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 T\u0103ng s\u0129\u201d.<\/em> H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng li\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e1p\u00a0: \u201cQu\u00fd v\u1ecb n\u00f3i r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00fang, t\u00f4i xin thi h\u00e0nh ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n n\u00e0y. Tuy nhi\u00ean xin q\u00fay v\u1ecb th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f4i an t\u00e2m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. T\u00f4i tu h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t gia t\u1ea1i Hu\u1ebf, nay xin \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 cho t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 Hu\u1ebf xin ph\u00e9p ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng cho t\u00f4i x\u1ea3 gi\u1edbi th\u00f4i l\u00e0m T\u1ef3 kheo \u0110\u00f4n H\u1eadu \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n H\u1eadu. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf vi\u1ec7c g\u00e1c quan t\u00e0i B\u00e1c m\u1edbi danh ch\u00ednh ng\u00f4n thu\u1eadn\u201d.<\/em> B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb b\u1ef1c m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e0nh n\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0a\u00a0: \u201cTh\u1eddi bu\u1ed5i M\u1ef9 Ng\u1ee5y c\u00f2n chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam, l\u00e0m sao ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0a b\u00e1c v\u1ec1 Hu\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u00a0!\u201d<\/em> R\u1ed3i cho qua.<\/p>\n

H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u00edch \u0110\u00f4n H\u1eadu l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb g\u00e1c quan t\u00e0i l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 quan t\u00e0i H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh. Kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 80 khi \u00f4ng T\u00f4n \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1eafng ch\u1ebft, H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u00edch Tr\u00ed Th\u1ee7 v\u00e0 H\u1ed3ng y Tr\u1ecbnh Nh\u01b0 Khu\u00ea \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ee9ng g\u00e1c quan t\u00e0i \u00f4ng T\u00f4n v\u00e0 hai v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 thi h\u00e0nh. Trong t\u1eadp Th\u01a1 T\u00f9 c\u1ee7a H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u00edch Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u1ed9 c\u00f3 b\u00e0i \u201cS\u01b0 C\u1ee5 v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Cha\u201d ch\u00e2m bi\u1ebfm vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi qua \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng t\u01b0 n\u0103m 1992, H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i Di ch\u00fac y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tang l\u1ec5 th\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng, \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n d\u00e0nh cho nh\u00e0 tu Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c r\u1ea7m r\u1ed9 hay \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111i\u1ebfu v\u0103n, nh\u1eb1m ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng tang l\u1ec5 tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n cho ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9. D\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt khi H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i gi\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c tang l\u1ec5 v\u00e0 c\u1eed ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111i\u1ebfu v\u0103n \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n g\u1eafn huy ch\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh l\u00ean kim quan ng\u00e0i. Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 n\u1ed5 ra s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng ch\u00f9a Linh M\u1ee5 ch\u1ed1ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb h\u00f3a tang l\u1ec5. T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh m\u1ed7i l\u00fac m\u1ed9t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, 50 T\u0103ng Ni tuy\u1ec7t th\u1ef1c. Ch\u00f9a Linh M\u1ee5 b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng sang Paris nh\u1edd t\u00f4i can thi\u1ec7p. Nh\u00e2n danh C\u01a1 s\u1edf Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9 v\u00e0 trong v\u1ecb th\u1ebf Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch \u1ee6y ban B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 Quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0m Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u00f4i m\u1edf cu\u1ed9c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i LHQ, c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \u00c2u M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, b\u00e1o ch\u00ed qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. Tin truy\u1ec1n nhanh n\u1ed5 l\u1edbn, g\u00e2y \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u00ean c\u00f4ng lu\u1eadn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi gi\u00fap ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng ch\u00f9a Linh M\u1ee5 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh tang l\u1ec5 theo Di ch\u00fac c\u1ee7a H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u00f4n H\u1eadu.<\/p>\n

H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u00edch Nh\u1eadt Li\u00ean, \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed y ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1edfng ban Tang l\u1ec5 ch\u00f9a Linh M\u1ee5, \u0111\u00e1nh Fax cho t\u00f4i b\u00e1o tin l\u00e0nh, c\u1ea3m t\u1ea1 v\u00e0 t\u1eb7ng t\u00f4i m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i th\u01a1. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 k\u00e9o \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Hu\u1ebf d\u1eabn t\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh b\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i ngh\u00ecn (40.000) ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00f4m 24.5.1993 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, m\u00e0 b\u00e1o ch\u00ed H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i quy k\u1ebft t\u00f4i ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n. M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ec1n kho\u00e1ng h\u1eadu d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n. Khi\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc C\u00f4ng an ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea5p t\u1ed1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c cu\u1ed9c H\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o \u201cDi\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn H\u00f2a b\u00ecnh\u201d ng\u00e0y 26.6.1993 t\u1ea1i H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u tham lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0110\u1eb7ng V\u0169 Hi\u1ec7p, L\u00ea Quang Thanh, v.v.. \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh Hu\u1ebf mang nguy c\u01a1 m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u201cti\u1ebfng chu\u00f4ng c\u1ea3nh t\u1ec9nh ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c do kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecbch ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i tang l\u1ec5 \u1edf ch\u00f9a Linh M\u1ee5, H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u00edch Huy\u1ec1n Quang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u00f4n H\u1eadu ph\u00f3 ch\u00fac l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eeba k\u1ebf l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi quy\u1ec1n sinh ho\u1ea1t ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i. V\u00ec v\u1eady, nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i gia t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p, kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Huy\u1ec1n Quang v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng gi\u00e1o ph\u1ea9m \u0111i theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a c\u1ed1 H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u00f4n H\u1eadu. Trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh n\u00e0y t\u00f4i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u1edf c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n ngo\u00e0i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o (Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9 v\u00e0 \u1ee6y ban B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 Quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0m Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam) nh\u01b0 17 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eebng \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 cho c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o, H\u00f2a H\u1ea3o, Cao \u0110\u00e0i hay c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, phong tr\u00e0o nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129, t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u1edf c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1i C\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o b\u1ecb \u00e1p b\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng, H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u00edch Huy\u1ec1n Quang vi\u1ebft th\u01b0 c\u1ea3m \u01a1n s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a \u1ee6y ban B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 Quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0m Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam, r\u1ed3i ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3 vi\u1ebft th\u01b0 ri\u00eang m\u1eddi t\u00f4i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tham gia Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 1975 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n danh gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i m\u1edf cu\u1ed9c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i do d\u1ef1 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n

Do d\u1ef1 v\u00ec b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n \u0111i v\u00e0o con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, t\u1eeb LHQ \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh gi\u1edbi \u00c2u M\u1ef9 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t bi\u1ebft t\u00f4i nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 tranh \u0111\u1ea5u cho nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam qua danh x\u01b0ng C\u01a1 s\u1edf Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9<\/em> v\u00e0 \u1ee6y ban B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 Quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0m Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/em> m\u00e0 t\u00f4i l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, t\u00f4i t\u1eebng tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111au bu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng khi c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi \u00f4ng Nh\u1ea5t H\u1ea1nh cu\u1ed1i th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 60, n\u00ean t\u1ef1 h\u1ee9a s\u1ebd ch\u1eb3ng bao gi\u1edd d\u00ednh d\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn l\u1eddi gi\u00fap v\u00e0 cho ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u01a1 s\u1edf m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u1edf h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 t\u00ean \u201cPh\u00f2ng Th\u00f4ng tin Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf\u201d<\/strong>. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i t\u1eeb 1963 \u0111\u1ebfn nay ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng mang t\u00ednh qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u cho c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ed3i sinh Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 ho\u00e1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam. T\u00f4i nh\u1edb m\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ea5y n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, k\u00fd gi\u1ea3 Robert Templer, thu\u1ed9c th\u00f4ng t\u1ea5n x\u00e3 AFP c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m s\u1edf \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i gh\u00e9 Paris \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n g\u1eb7p t\u00f4i. Ch\u01b0a k\u1ecbp b\u1eaft tay t\u1ea1i to\u00e0 so\u1ea1n Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9, \u00f4ng n\u00f3i ngay\u00a0: \u201cT\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00ecn con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00f4ng ra sao m\u00e0 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i r\u1ea5t gi\u1eadn d\u1eef m\u1ed7i khi nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ean \u00f4ng\u201d. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e1p\u00a0: \u201c\u00d4ng th\u1ea5y ch\u01b0a, t\u00f4i hi\u1ec1n l\u00e0nh l\u1eafm m\u00e0\u201d. Sau n\u00e0y ra s\u00e1ch \u201cB\u00f3ng Gi\u00f3\u201d<\/strong>\u00a0<\/a>(9)<\/a> Robert Templer c\u00f3 vi\u1ebft l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i gi\u1eadn d\u1eef, h\u1eb1n th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i. Theo k\u00fd gi\u1ea3 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 l\u1ebd s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n t\u00f4i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c l\u00e0m s\u1ed1ng d\u1eady phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o tr\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, l\u00e0 c\u00e1i gai l\u00e0m H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111au nh\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

Sau khi H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u00edch Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c x\u00e1 n\u0103m 1998, v\u00e0 trong v\u1ecb th\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng Vi\u1ec7n H\u00f3a \u0110\u1ea1o, ng\u00e0y 27.8.1999, H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u00fd Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh mang s\u1ed1 01\/VH\u0110\/Q\u0110, c\u00f4ng c\u1eed t\u00f4i l\u00e0m Ph\u00e1t ng\u00f4n nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n H\u00f3a \u0110\u1ea1o, Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 Ph\u00f2ng Th\u00f4ng tin Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan Th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t ng\u00f4n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n H\u00f3a \u0110\u1ea1o trong n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i nh\u1eadn l\u1eddi v\u00ec hai l\u1ebd. M\u1ed9t l\u00e0 v\u00ec th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n l\u00e3ng qu\u00ean Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, d\u00f9 Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea5u tranh cho m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u1ef1 do t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1975, s\u1edbm h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o hay phong tr\u00e0o n\u00e0o t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
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\"Th\u01b0<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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\"Th\u01b0<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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Th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u00edch Huy\u1ec1n Quang vi\u1ebft t\u1eeb n\u01a1i l\u01b0u \u0111\u00e0y Qu\u1ea3ng Ng\u00e3i ng\u00e0y 18.1.1993 c\u00e1m \u01a1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 trong v\u1ecb tr\u00ed Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch \u1ee6y ban B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 Quy\u1ec1n L\u00e0m Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 h\u1eadu thu\u1eabn Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t. \u1ede cu\u1ed1i trang 2 l\u00e0 th\u1ee7 b\u00fat H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u00edch Huy\u1ec1n Quang m\u1eddi t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf cu\u1ed9c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee9u nguy Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i. Sau \u0111\u00f3 ng\u00e0i g\u1eedi Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh giao ph\u00f3 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u01a1 quan Th\u00f4ng tin Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i Paris. Nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi chuy\u1ec3n th\u01b0 b\u1ecb b\u1eaft tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i v\u00e0 v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n b\u1ecb t\u1ecbch thu.<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n
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\"Th\u01b0<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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Th\u01b0 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 n\u0103m 1969 gi\u1eefa c\u1ed1 H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u00edch Huy\u1ec1n Quang, Vi\u1ec7n H\u00f3a \u0110\u1ea1o, v\u1edbi t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh th\u1eddi \u1ea5y Ban \u0110\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n GHPGVNTN \u1edf h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i, tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i Maisons Alfort ngo\u1ea1i \u00f4 Paris.<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n
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\"1968<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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1968 – Th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a c\u1ed1 H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u00edch Thi\u1ec7n Minh g\u1eedi t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 \u0110o\u00e0n Sinh vi\u00ean Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed Paris v\u00e0 t\u1edd b\u00e1o Tin T\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

\nCu\u1ed9c t\u1ef1 thi\u00eau t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a 12 T\u0103ng Ni \u1edf Thi\u1ec1n vi\u1ec7n D\u01b0\u1ee3c S\u01b0, t\u1ec9nh C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1, ng\u00e0y 2.11.1975 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 vi ph\u1ea1m nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng minh th\u1ecb \u00fd h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o tho\u00e1t ly khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9. Ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3 h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n H\u00f3a \u0110\u1ea1o khi\u1ebfu ki\u1ec7n C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, v\u1ea1ch tr\u1ea7n c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p, b\u1ee9c hi\u1ebfp T\u0103ng Ni, Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed sau ng\u00e0y 30.4.75.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 v\u00ec t\u00f4i th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh \u1edf h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c, l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng theo k\u1ecbp xu th\u1ebf th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Trong khi \u1ea5y, Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf quy m\u00f4 v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p l\u00e0ng x\u00e3. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fd do l\u00e0m cho \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i, bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n. \u0110\u1ea3ng c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai n\u00ean r\u1ea5t s\u1ee3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi kh\u1ed1i qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang l\u1edbn r\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea7n ph\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ea3ng.<\/p>\n

T\u1eadp t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u201cTh\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o\u201d<\/strong> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 cao c\u1ea5p \u0110\u1ed7 Trung Hi\u1ebfu vi\u1ebft n\u0103m 1994 ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 s\u1ef1 s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i n\u00e0y. C\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft \u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed7 Trung Hi\u1ebfu, b\u00ed danh M\u01b0\u1eddi Anh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ninh Ho\u00e0, \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n th\u00e2m ni\u00ean, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00d0\u1ea3ng giao l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c T\u00f4n gi\u00e1o v\u1eadn. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc 1975, \u00f4ng l\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1edfng ban Tr\u00ed Tr\u1ebb (v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c, sinh vi\u00ean, h\u1ecdc sinh) khu Saigon – Gia \u00d0\u1ecbnh, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Khu \u1ee7y Tr\u1ea7n B\u1ea1ch \u00d0\u1eb1ng.<\/p>\n

Sau 1975, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Xu\u00e2n Th\u1ee7y r\u1ed3i Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Linh v\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n Qu\u1ed1c Ho\u00e0n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp giao ph\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u201cth\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o\u201d, m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam (t\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc) ng\u00e0y 4 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 1981 t\u1ea1i ch\u00f9a Qu\u00e1n S\u1ee9, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng Xu\u00e2n Th\u1ee7y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n Ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i h\u00f2a h\u1ed9i Paris cu\u1ed1i th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 60, b\u00ed th\u01b0 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u00d0\u1ea3ng, Tr\u01b0\u1edfng ban D\u00e2n v\u1eadn v\u00e0 M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng, ki\u00eam b\u00ed th\u01b0 \u00d0\u1ea3ng \u00d0o\u00e0n \u1ee6y ban M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u00e3 tri\u1ec7u \u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed7 Trung Hi\u1ebfu t\u1eeb Saigon ra H\u00e0 n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1979 v\u00e0 giao cho \u00f4ng Hi\u1ebfu ch\u1ee9c Ch\u00ednh \u1ee7y c\u1ee7a \u00d0o\u00e0n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u00f3a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o l\u00e0m tay sai ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb cho \u0111\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

Do b\u1ea5t m\u00e3n ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng m\u00e0 \u00f4ng Hi\u1ebfu vi\u1ebft t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y. Qua 50 trang \u0111\u00e1nh m\u00e1y, kh\u1ed5 A4, \u00f4ng \u00d0\u1ed7 Trung Hi\u1ebfu cho bi\u1ebft chi ti\u1ebft t\u1eebng t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i c\u00e1c v\u1ecb l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u00d0\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng gi\u00e1o ph\u1ea9m cao c\u1ea5p Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, theo ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ed1ng, trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, do \u00d0\u1ea3ng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng sau ng\u00e0y Saigon s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 n\u0103m 1975.<\/p>\n

\u00d4ng Hi\u1ebfu cho bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u00d0\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ban D\u00e2n v\u1eadn Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o. \u00d4ng vi\u1ebft\u00a0:<\/p>\n

\u201cN\u1ed9i dung \u0111\u1ec1 \u00e1n l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9i \u0111o\u00e0n qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang. C\u00f2n th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n h\u1ed9i \u0111o\u00e0n, v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 T\u0103ng, Ni, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed\u00a0; ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u00ean tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi, t\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 H\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam (…) N\u1ed9i dung ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 lo vi\u1ec7c c\u00fang b\u00e1i ch\u00f9a chi\u1ec1n, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u00ec li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i (…) L\u1ea5y ch\u00f9a l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u1ea5y qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed l\u00e0m \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i\u201d.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
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\"Trang<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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Trang \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 trang cu\u1ed1i t\u1eadp s\u00e1ch \u201cTh\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o\u201d<\/strong> c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed7 Trung Hi\u1ebfu. Ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n ng\u00e0y nay.<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

\nV\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam (d\u00e2n ch\u00fang trong n\u01b0\u1edbc g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc hay Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Qu\u1ed1c doanh) t\u1ea1i ch\u00f9a Qu\u00e1n S\u1ee9, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, ng\u00e0y 4.11.1981, \u00f4ng Hi\u1ebfu nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh\u00a0:<\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 gi\u1eefa Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a ta v\u00e0 G\u00edao h\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t. Ban V\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u d\u1ef1 \u00d0\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i, trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a ta \u0111a s\u1ed1. Ch\u00edn t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 ph\u00e1i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, G\u00edao h<\/u>\u1ed9i Ph<\/u>\u1eadt <\/u>gi\u00e1o Vi<\/u>\u1ec7t Nam Th\u1ed1n<\/u>g nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m<\/u>\u1ed9t <\/u>(1<\/u>), c\u00f2n l<\/u>\u1ea1i t\u00e1m <\/u>(8<\/u>) v\u1edbi nh\u1eefn<\/u>g danh n<\/u>gh\u0129a kh\u00e1c nhau<\/u>, nh\u01b0n<\/u>g t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u ho<\/u>\u1eb7c l\u00e0 ta ho<\/u>\u1eb7c l\u00e0 ch<\/u>\u1ecbu s<\/u>\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111<\/u>\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u00d0\u1ea3n<\/u>g\u201d. (…) Cu\u1ed9c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i do c\u00e1c h\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u00e1nh v\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng b\u00ean trong b\u00e0n tay \u0111\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eafm v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u1edbng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u00f9 nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a \u00d0\u1ea3ng\u201d.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb Ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb s\u1ed1 20 do \u00f4ng Tr\u1ea7n Xu\u00e2n B\u00e1ch th\u1ea3o v\u00e0 B\u00ed th\u01b0 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t L\u00ea Du\u1ea9n k\u00fd n\u0103m 1960, ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a \u00d0\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o. Ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng Xu\u00e2n Th\u1ee7y tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y v\u00e0 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh khi b\u00e0n giao nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 cho \u00d0\u1ed7 Trung Hi\u1ebfu\u00a0:<\/p>\n

\u201cVi\u1ec7c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam theo t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft, \u00d0\u1ea3ng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a ta v\u1edbi Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t kh\u1ed1i \u1ea4n Quang. Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a ta l\u00e0 \u201cH\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cBan Li\u00ean l\u1ea1c Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam. \u1ede mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, ph\u1eadt t\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang h\u1ebft r\u1ed3i, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng c\u1ee5 gi\u00e0 \u0111i l\u1ec5 b\u00e1i \u1edf ch\u00f9a ng\u00e0y r\u1eb1m, m\u1ed3ng m\u1ed9t, theo t\u1ee5c l\u1ec7 c\u1ed5 truy\u1ec1n. S\u01b0 ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u th\u1eadt hi\u1ebfm. C\u1ee5 Tr\u00ed \u00d0\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 lu\u1ed1ng tu\u1ed5i, quanh \u0111i qu\u1ea9n l\u1ea1i v\u1eabn c\u1ee5 Ph\u1ea1m Th\u1ebf Long, nh\u01b0ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. Ban Li\u00ean l\u1ea1c Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 kh\u00e1 h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t t\u00ed. C\u1ee5 Minh Nguy\u1ec7t<\/strong> (\u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, theo \u00f4. Hi\u1ebfu) c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh t\u00edch \u1edf t\u00f9 15 n\u0103m C\u00f4n \u00d0\u1ea3o, c\u1ee5 Thi\u1ec7n H\u00e0o<\/strong> (\u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, theo \u00f4. Hi\u1ebfu) c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh t\u00edch \u0111i kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1eadt t\u1eed c\u1ea7n \u1edf nh\u00e0 S\u01b0, c\u1ea3 hai c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

\u201cGi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t kh\u1ed1i \u1ea4n Quang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang mang t\u00ednh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, thu h\u00fat \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang v\u00e0 c\u00f3 uy t\u00edn tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 s\u01b0 t\u00e0i gi\u1ecfi. N\u1ebfu th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t theo Ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5 \u00d0\u00f4n H\u1eadu, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u1ec3 \u201cBan Li\u00ean l\u1ea1c Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d, s\u00e1p nh\u1eadp \u201cH\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d<\/strong> (\u1edf Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc) v\u00e0o Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ra to\u00e0n l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 1975.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

\u201cQuan tr<\/u>\u1ecdn<\/u>g l\u00e0 \u00d0\u1ea3n<\/u>g kh\u00f4n<\/u>g bao <\/u>gi\u1edd l\u00e3nh \u0111<\/u>\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0<\/u>\u1ee3c Gi\u00e1o h<\/u>\u1ed9i Ph<\/u>\u1eadt <\/u>gi\u00e1o Vi<\/u>\u1ec7t Nam Th\u1ed1n<\/u>g nh\u1ea5t<\/u>, m\u00e0 n<\/u>g\u01b0<\/u>\u1ee3c l<\/u>\u1ea1i Gi\u00e1o h<\/u>\u1ed9i Ph<\/u>\u1eadt <\/u>gi\u00e1o Vi<\/u>\u1ec7t Nam Th\u1ed1n<\/u>g nh\u1ea5t tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m<\/u>\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u00f4n <\/u>gi\u00e1o r<\/u>\u1ed9n<\/u>g l\u1edbn c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4n<\/u>g \u0111\u1ea3o <\/u>qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fan<\/u>g, l\u00e0 m<\/u>\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 \u00e1<\/u>p l<\/u>\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh tr<\/u>\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1eddn<\/u>g tr<\/u>\u1ef1c v\u1edbi \u00d0\u1ea3n<\/u>g v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh <\/u>ph\u1ee7 Vi<\/u>\u1ec7t Nam<\/u>.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t theo d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a ban T\u00f4n gi\u00e1o ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ch\u01b0a \u1ed5n l\u1eafm, v\u00ec chung qui c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c c\u1ee5 \u1edf H\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/strong> (c\u1ee7a \u00d0\u1ea3ng \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc) v\u00e0 Ban Li\u00ean l\u1ea1c Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/strong> (c\u1ee7a \u00d0\u1ea3ng \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam) x\u00e1ch c\u1eb7p cho Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 th\u00f4i\u201d.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea5y, s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh th\u1ef1c h\u1eefu v\u00e0 uy t\u00edn c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t ra t\u1eeb mi\u1ec7ng c\u00e1c \u00f4ng tr\u00f9m C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n. C\u00f3 \u0111\u00e2u nh\u01b0 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i T\u0103ng s\u0129 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i, Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3, Canada, Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, Ch\u00e2u \u00dac b\u00eau ri\u1ebfu Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ed1 T\u0103ng th\u1ed1ng Th\u00edch Huy\u1ec1n Quang v\u00e0 H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u00edch Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u1ed9\u00a0! Ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf, c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft vu h\u00e3m v\u00e0 n\u1eb7c danh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd r\u00eau rao Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u201cch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 bao l\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u201d.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 bao l\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi, trong ngh\u0129a ch\u1ea3 ra g\u00ec. Ch\u1ea3 ra g\u00ec m\u00e0 sao c\u1ea3 B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 B\u1ed9 C\u00f4ng An \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i cho \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ecdn khuy\u1ec3n m\u00e3 Giao \u0110i\u1ec3m<\/em>, r\u1ed3i ba nh\u00f3m Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i V\u1ec1 Ngu\u1ed3n, T\u0103ng Ni Vi\u1ec7t Nam H\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i, Th\u00e2n h\u1eefu Gi\u00e0 Lam<\/em> kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edbt \u201cchi\u1ebfu c\u1ed1\u201d, ch\u1eedi b\u1edbi, m\u1ea1 l\u1ef5, vu h\u00e3m Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfm danh Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ti\u1ec1n x\u00e2y ch\u00f9a v\u00e0 mong m\u1ecfi kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t T\u1ecb n\u1ea1n h\u1ecfi th\u0103m v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p trong l\u00fd tr\u00ed hay \u0111i \u0111\u00eam trong c\u1ea7u c\u1ea1nh v\u1edbi H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a b\u1ecdn n\u00e0y\u00a0?<\/p>\n

Th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 60 uy danh c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t l\u1edbn bi\u1ebft bao trong d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 qua c\u00e1c h\u00e3ng tin qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. Th\u1ebf m\u00e0 sau 1975 ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f2n ai nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn, n\u0103m th\u00ec m\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecda m\u1edbi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng tin kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y x\u00fac \u0111\u1ed9ng hay mang l\u1ea1i ni\u1ec1m h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n.<\/p>\n

Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f4ng nh\u01b0ng v\u1eafng m\u1eb7t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ee7 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, gi\u1ecfi l\u1eafm ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t theo \u0111u\u00f4i c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh hay k\u00fd ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb vu v\u01a1. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fd do khi\u1ebfn t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n ra tay \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam tr\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. V\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1992 tr\u1edf \u0111i.<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i nh\u00ecn Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong th\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n n\u1ea1n kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, v\u0103n h\u00f3a, nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m v\u00e0 sinh th\u00e1i. Ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1i \u0111i t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3.<\/p>\n

L\u00fd do th\u1ee9 hai nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 \u1edf tr\u00ean, l\u00e0 sau khi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t \u1edf h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i, t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ee5 tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n, hay \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n t\u1ef1 \u00e1i m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i thi\u1ebfu th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c th\u00f9 \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi xu th\u1ebf th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng gia c\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn, h\u1eadu thu\u1eabn hay g\u1ea7y d\u1ef1ng ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u00ean b\u01a1m ph\u1ed3ng nh\u1eefng con s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n, nh\u1eefng m\u1eadt khu \u1ea3o, nay b\u1ed1c t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y mai b\u1ed1c t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, d\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00f4ng k\u00edch t\u00e2y h\u00f2ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i m\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u00edch nh\u1eafm. C\u00f3 khi d\u1ef1a h\u01a1i v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea5t m\u00e3n thu\u1ed9c phe M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam c\u0169, ho\u1eb7c c\u1ef1u \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh\u2026 B\u1eafn b\u1eeba l\u00ean truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t t\u00ean nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ee9ng, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c, mi\u1ec5n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y ch\u1ecbu nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi hai ch\u1eef \u201cd\u00e2n ch\u1ee7\u201d, \u201cnh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n\u201d. B\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n quan \u0111i\u1ec3m \u201cd\u00e2n ch\u1ee7\u201d, \u201cnh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n\u201d c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ti\u00eau ch\u00ed d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 hay kh\u00f4ng. H\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 v\u1ee5 tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n \u1ed3n \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea3ng hay t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u1ecd, m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng minh cho d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn l\u00e0 \u201cc\u00f3 m\u1ed9t phong tr\u00e0o d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7\u201d t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u00a0; trong khi b\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u01a1 s\u1edf qu\u1ed1c n\u1ed9i hay \u0111o\u00e0n ng\u0169 h\u00f3a qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang\u00a0; d\u00f9 \u0111\u1eb1ng sau t\u00ean c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1 cao c\u00f3 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng hay kh\u00f4ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ra sao, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 ki\u1ec3u n\u00e0o. Th\u1eed nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o m\u1ea5y t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i hay ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u t\u1ea5t th\u1ea5y quan \u0111i\u1ec3m \u201cd\u00e2n ch\u1ee7\u201d c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed7i s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng, nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c \u00f4ng Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ed9, B\u00f9i T\u00edn, v.v\u2026<\/p>\n

Cung c\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0103n x\u1ed5i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf<\/em> m\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111a s\u1ed1 d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t tr\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee3i. Nh\u00ecn c\u00e1ch c\u01b0 x\u1eed \u201c\u0111em con b\u1ecf ch\u1ee3\u201d \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111o\u00e0n vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y b\u1ecb b\u1eaft l\u00e0 bi\u1ebft ngay t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ea7u. Khi \u0111o\u00e0n vi\u00ean h\u1ecd b\u1ecb b\u1eaft trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf th\u0103m nu\u00f4i, b\u00eanh v\u1ef1c. \u0110\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 t\u1ef1 do th\u00ec nh\u1eefng \u201cchi\u1ebfn s\u0129 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7\u201d hay \u201ckh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n\u201d \u1ed3n \u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia b\u1ed7ng im b\u1eb7t, ng\u01b0ng lu\u00f4n m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00e2n nh\u1eadn t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y c\u1ea7n gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 s\u1edf th\u1ef1c h\u1eefu trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t. D\u00f9 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng qu\u1ed1c n\u1ed9i c\u00f2n kh\u00e1 nguy nan. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i qu\u1ed1c gia m\u1ea5t ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ee9ng, l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 n\u1eb1m t\u00f9 ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea1y ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. Qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i b\u1ecb si\u1ebft c\u1ed5 trong ba g\u1ecdng k\u00ecm C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n\u00a0: ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a l\u00fd l\u1ecbch, c\u00f4ng an khu v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 h\u1ed9 kh\u1ea9u.<\/strong><\/em> Ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, \u0111\u1ea3ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean g\u1ea7n ba tri\u1ec7u, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t. Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o, H\u00f2a H\u1ea3o, Cao \u0110\u00e0i, Tin L\u00e0nh\u2026 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i to\u00e0n tr\u1ecb. N\u1ed9i h\u00e0m c\u00e1c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, n\u00ean n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ngu\u1ed3n s\u1ed1ng t\u00e2m linh. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang c\u00e1c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang tha h\u00f3a v\u00ec v\u1ecdng ngo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

Mu\u1ed1n thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u1ea3o, s\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9ng \u01b0\u1edbc xa r\u1eddi th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i, \u0111ang b\u1ecb c\u1eaft l\u00eca t\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c, ho\u1eb7c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 con b\u00e0i ch\u1edd th\u1eddi, ch\u1edd ngo\u1ea1i bang d\u1eabn d\u1eafc hay ch\u1edd C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n th\u00ed gh\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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\"B\u1ed3<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t Th\u00edch Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u1ee9c t\u1ef1 thi\u00eau t\u1ea1i Saigon ng\u00e0y 11.6.1963 trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ed1ng k\u1ef3 th\u1ecb t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o du\u1edbi th\u1eddi T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m. Ng\u1ecdn \u0110u\u1ed1c S\u00e1ng Phuong \u0110\u00f4ng l\u00e0m th\u1ee9c t\u1ec9nh luong tri nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 y\u1ebfu t\u00ednh t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a con ngu\u1eddi gi\u1eefa th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u00e2n tranh lu\u1ee1ng c\u1ef1c.<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

\nDo thi\u1ebfu hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o kh\u00e1c, b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n t\u00f4i theo \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i t\u1eeb th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 40, t\u00f4i ch\u1ecdn x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o th\u00f4ng qua Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eeba b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ee9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a H\u01b0 v\u00f4 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 h\u00f3a Vi\u1ec7t Nam. N\u1ebfu t\u00f4i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o, H\u00f2a H\u1ea3o, Cao \u0110\u00e0i\u2026 t\u00f4i c\u0169ng s\u1ebd ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o t\u00f4i theo nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u1eb9n t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u1eabn l\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam – d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

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<\/a>(4)<\/a> C\u00f4ng \u00e1n, ngh\u0129a \u0111en l\u00e0 \u00e1n l\u1ec7 do quan l\u1ea1i ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft. Trong thi\u1ec1n h\u1ecdc g\u1ecdi chung s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n khi d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ch\u1eef, m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u n\u00f3i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1o tham c\u1ee9u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201ctho\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u\u201d. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 h\u1ecfi \u201cCon ch\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh Ph\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng\u00a0?\u201d Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi\u00a0: \u201cKh\u00f4ng\u00a0!\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201cC\u00f3\u00a0!\u201d. \u0110\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eafc c\u00f4ng \u00e1n. X\u01b0a nay c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m tr\u0103m C\u00f4ng \u00e1n th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng trong s\u1ed1 g\u1ea7n hai ngh\u00ecn c\u00f4ng \u00e1n. C\u00f4ng \u00e1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111em lu\u1eadn l\u00fd m\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch, v\u00ec tinh th\u1ea7n Thi\u1ec1n si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t n\u00f3i n\u0103ng, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, suy t\u01b0. D\u00f9ng c\u00e1i Phi lu\u1eadn l\u00fd t\u00ednh<\/em> \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u01a1i d\u1eady tr\u1ef1c gi\u00e1c ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n trong v\u00f4 th\u1ee9c gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1o th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u00e2n t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

N\u1ed9i dung C\u00f4ng \u00e1n l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 cho s\u1ef1 ng\u1ed9 Thi\u1ec1n, l\u00e0m ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m, l\u00e0m v\u1eadt tin cho s\u1ef1 \u1ea5n ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ti\u00eau \u0111i\u1ec3m gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9. C\u00f4ng \u00e1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 suy x\u00e9t, tr\u00edch t\u1eeb l\u1eddi n\u00f3i v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1eadc cao t\u0103ng l\u00e0m kim ch\u1ec9 nam cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu thi\u1ec1n. C\u00e1c s\u00e1ch C\u00f4ng \u00e1n quan tr\u1ecdng g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 B\u00edch Nham l\u1ee5c, V\u00f4 m\u00f4n quan, Ch\u00ednh ph\u00e1p nh\u00e3n t\u1ea1ng, C\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u0103ng l\u1ee5c, v.v\u2026<\/p>\n

<\/a>(5)<\/a> Ng\u0169 minh (Pa\u00f1ca vidy\u00e2-sth\u00e2n\u00e2ni) l\u00e0 5 m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc g\u1ed3m Thanh minh (m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng), C\u00f4ng x\u1ea3o minh (m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, l\u1ecbch to\u00e1n), Y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng minh (m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc y d\u01b0\u1ee3c), Nh\u00e2n minh (m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 l\u00fd lu\u1eadn), v\u00e0 N\u1ed9i minh (m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 t\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9, gi\u00e1o l\u00fd c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1i m\u00ecnh).<\/p>\n

<\/a>(6)<\/a> S\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 do t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 qua c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y. M\u1ed9t h\u00f4m \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n Kesaputta thu\u1ed9c V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Kosala, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, d\u00e2n trong th\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi K\u00e2l\u00e2mas \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1eb7p Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi ng\u00e0i r\u1eb1ng\u00a0: \u201cB\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf t\u00f4n, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ea9n s\u0129 v\u00e0 B\u00e0 La M\u00f4n \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ebfng Kesaputta. H\u1ecd gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 cao l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00ean \u00e1n, b\u00e0i x\u00edch l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. B\u1ea1ch Th\u1ebf t\u00f4n, ph\u1ea7n ch\u00fang con, ch\u00fang con hoang mang, ho\u00e0i nghi, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft v\u1ecb n\u00e0o trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u1ea9n s\u0129 v\u00e0 B\u00e0 L\u00e0 M\u00f4n n\u00f3i s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, v\u1ecb n\u00e0o n\u00f3i sai qu\u1ea5y\u00a0? \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt li\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e1p\u00a0:<\/p>\n

– \u201cH\u1ee1i nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi K\u00e2l\u00e2mas, c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u00e0i nghi v\u00e0 hoang mang l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i, v\u00ec c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng ho\u00e0i nghi. H\u1ee1i nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi K\u00e2l\u00e2mas, \u0111\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi thu\u1eadt l\u1ea1i, nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3n hay nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng l\u00f4i cu\u1ed1n ta. \u0110\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng uy quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n, nh\u1eefng l\u00fd lu\u1eadn su\u00f4ng, c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u x\u00e9t \u0111o\u00e1n b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i, c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u00edch th\u00fa v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng quan ni\u1ec7m v\u00f5 \u0111o\u00e1n, nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00f3 v\u1ebb \u0111\u00e1ng tin, hay nh\u1eefng \u00fd ngh\u0129 \u201c\u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 Th\u1ea7y ta\u201d, d\u1eabn d\u1eafc ta. Nh\u01b0ng h\u1ee1i nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi K\u00e2l\u00e2mas, khi n\u00e0o c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef1 bi\u1ebft m\u00ecnh r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00e1c, sai, x\u1ea5u, th\u00ec h\u00e3y v\u1ee9t b\u1ecf ch\u00fang. V\u00e0 khi c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n, l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t th\u00ec h\u00e3y ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 theo ch\u00fang\u201d.<\/p>\n

<\/a>(7)<\/a> Xem th\u00eam \u201cH\u1ed3i \u1ee9c v\u00e0 Suy ngh\u0129\u201d<\/strong><\/em> c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Tr\u1ea7n Quang C\u01a1, Th\u1ee9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng ngo\u1ea1i giao H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, tr. 16-17\u00a0: \u201cV\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 V\u1ee5 tr\u01b0\u1edfng V\u1ee5 B\u1eafc M\u1ef9 B\u1ed9 Ngo\u1ea1i giao, tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tham gia ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n v\u1ec1 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f3a quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi M\u1ef9 \u1edf Pa-ri n\u0103m 1977 r\u1ed3i \u1edf N\u1eefu \u01af\u1edbc n\u0103m 1978, t\u00f4i th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 \u0111au x\u00f3t v\u00ec ta \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 m\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc sau bao n\u0103m chi\u1ebfn tranh, l\u1ee1 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i san b\u1eb1ng kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f9ng khu v\u1ef1c. Trong t\u1eadp h\u1ed3i k\u00fd c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u201cFrom Third World to First\u201d, L\u00fd Quang Di\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t\u00a0: \u201dN\u0103m 1975 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u00e1nh ngang v\u1edbi B\u0103ng-c\u1ed1c. Nh\u01b0ng nay (n\u0103m 1992) n\u00f3 t\u1ee5t l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb1ng sau t\u1edbi h\u01a1n 20 n\u0103m\u201d. Vi\u1ec7c ta t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb \u201cb\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f3a quan h\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n\u201d c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, l\u00e0m cao tr\u01b0\u1edbc vi\u1ec7c ASEAN ng\u1ecf \u00fd mu\u1ed1n Vi\u1ec7t Nam tham gia t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, theo t\u00f4i, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng tai h\u1ea1i cho nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. Li\u1ec7u Trung qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 d\u00e1m ti\u1ebfp tay cho b\u1ecdn di\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng Polpot khi\u00eau kh\u00edch ta v\u00e0 c\u00f3 d\u00e1m \u0111\u00e1nh ta n\u0103m 1979 n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam sau Chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng 1975 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201cth\u00eam b\u1ea1n \u2013 b\u1edbt th\u00f9\u201d th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7u th\u1ecb h\u01a1n\u00a0? Vi\u1ec7c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f3a v\u1edbi M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c gia nh\u1eadp kh\u1ed1i ASEAN m\u00e3i ng\u00f3t 20 n\u0103m sau (1995) ta m\u1edbi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1 ch\u1eadt v\u1eadt. (\u2026) Vi\u1ec7c ta b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f3a quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi M\u1ef9 l\u00fac n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t Nam g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t Trung qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea7y tham v\u1ecdng\u201d.<\/p>\n

<\/a>(8)<\/a> \u00d4ng C\u1ed1 V\u1ea5n \u2013 H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 m\u1ed9t \u0110i\u1ec7p vi\u00ean<\/strong><\/em>, H\u1eefu Mai, NXB Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i 1989, 3 t\u1eadp\u00a0:<\/p>\n

– Xem t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u g\u1ed1c facsimile<\/em> c\u1ea1nh trang 17, t\u1eadp 2, v\u1ec1 V\u0169 Ng\u1ecdc Nh\u1ea1 v\u00e0 H\u1ed3ng y Spellman trao \u0111\u1ed5i vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng cho VNCH v\u00e0 T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Thi\u1ec7u vi\u1ebft th\u01b0 tay c\u00e1m \u01a1n V\u0169 Ng\u1ecdc Nh\u1ea1 \u0111\u00e3 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c c\u00e1c Linh m\u1ee5c v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7u\u00a0;<\/p>\n

– Xem facsimile<\/em> c\u1ea1nh trang 32, t\u1eadp 2, th\u01b0 T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Thi\u1ec7u gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u Hu\u1ef3nh V\u0103n Tr\u1ecdng, Ph\u1ee5 t\u00e1 T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng, sang M\u1ef9 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng cho VNCH (sic)\u00a0;<\/p>\n

– Xem facsimile<\/em> c\u1ea1nh trang 33, t\u1eadp 2, hai b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a c\u1ef1u C\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng T\u01b0\u1edfng Gi\u1edbi Th\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m, v\u00e0 William Colby, Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c CIA \u1edf Saigon, g\u1eedi C\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n V\u0169 Ng\u1ecdc Nh\u1ea1 v\u00e0 Hu\u1ef3nh V\u0103n Tr\u1ecdng n\u0103m 1968\u00a0;<\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 11.1069 b\u00e1o ch\u00ed t\u1ea1i Saigon t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt chi ti\u1ebft vi\u1ec7c To\u00e0 \u00e1n Qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn x\u1eed v\u1ee5 V\u0169 Ng\u1ecdc Nh\u1ea1 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cV\u1ee5 T\u00ecnh b\u00e1o chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n\u201d<\/strong><\/em> (t\u1ee9c C\u1ee5m t\u00ecnh b\u00e1o A.22), \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9c cao c\u1ea5p VNCH nh\u01b0 V\u0169 Ng\u1ecdc Nh\u1ea1 (ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n t\u00edn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Cha L\u00ea H\u1eefu T\u1eeb, Linh m\u1ee5c Ho\u00e0ng Qu\u1ef3nh), Hu\u1ef3nh V\u0103n Tr\u1ecdng, L\u00ea H\u1eefu Thu\u00fd, Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n Ho\u00e8, V\u0169 H\u1eefu Ru\u1eadt, v.v\u2026 B\u00e1o \u0110\u1ed3ng Nai ng\u00e0y 29.11.1969 vi\u1ebft t\u00edt l\u1edbn ngay trang \u0111\u1ea7u\u00a0: \u201cU\u1ef7 vi\u00ean Ch\u00e1nh ph\u1ee7 bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i V\u0169 Ng\u1ecdc Nh\u1ea1 c\u1ed1 \u00fd c\u00e0i Hu\u1ef3nh V\u0103n Tr\u1ecdng \u0111i M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng Phong tr\u00e0o Ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3\u201d.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

<\/a>(9)<\/a> Shadows and Wind<\/strong><\/em> A View of Modern Vietnam, Robert Templer, Penguin, 1997, (The Unified Buddhist Church of Vietnam has become a major irritant for the government, mostly because of a Paris-based organisation run by Vo Van Ai, an indefatigable and noisy advocate for religious and human rights in Vietnam. The mere mention of Vo Van Ais name sends officials in Hanoi into spasms of rage because of the way he has been able to keep the issue of the Buddhists on the agenda at international meetings on human rights. (ibid.<\/em>, p. 281).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

6. L\u00ea Th\u1ecb Hu\u1ec7\u00a0: \u00d4ng ngh\u0129 g\u00ec v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh 1.11.1963\u00a0? V\u00f5 V\u0103n \u00c1i\u00a0: Vai tr\u00f2 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u01b0\u1ee3t tho\u00e1t lu\u1ed3ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ecb nguy\u00ean T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1ed5 ra qua cu\u1ed9c tranh ch\u1ea5p \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 ph\u00e2n \u0111\u00f4i th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi gi\u1eefa C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":458,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[89],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1381","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","","category-sach-cua-vo-van-ai"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/queme.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1381","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/queme.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/queme.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/queme.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/458"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/queme.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1381"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/queme.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1381\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/queme.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1381"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/queme.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1381"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/queme.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1381"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}