{"id":1397,"date":"2010-10-26T12:00:00","date_gmt":"2010-10-26T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/queme.org\/all\/all\/cu-hi-21-25\/"},"modified":"2016-09-09T13:44:38","modified_gmt":"2016-09-09T13:44:38","slug":"cu-hi-21-25","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/queme.org\/vi\/cu-hi-21-25\/","title":{"rendered":"Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9<\/i> : C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 21-25"},"content":{"rendered":"

21. L\u00ea Th\u1ecb Hu\u1ec7\u00a0: Su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi \u00f4ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea1m v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u1ee9ng x\u1eed hay nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi T\u00e2y Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng\u00a0?<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u00f5 V\u0103n \u00c1i\u00a0:<\/strong> C\u00e1ch \u1ee9ng x\u1eed hay nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i, trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp. Khi\u00eam cung h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp. L\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ba vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh, c\u1ea7u th\u1ecb v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c thi\u1ec7n. Nh\u01b0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft m\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u00ecnh, m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng r\u01a1i v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n, b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u00f3ng tu\u1ed3ng. M\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0110\u00f4ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. C\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch \u1ee9ng x\u1eed l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00f2a<\/strong><\/em>. Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00f3a hay b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n

22. L\u00ea Th\u1ecb Hu\u1ec7\u00a0: T\u00f4i r\u1ea5t q\u00fai tr\u1ecdng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ef1 tin v\u00e0 d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c V\u00f5 V\u0103n \u00c1i tr\u00ean c\u00e1c di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. Nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n k\u00ednh trao t\u1eb7ng \u00f4ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f3a h\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c tr\u1ebb Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ef1 tin khi ra gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ea5u tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, \u00f4ng s\u1ebd n\u00f3i cho h\u1ecd nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec\u00a0?<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u00f5 V\u0103n \u00c1i\u00a0:<\/strong> Nguy c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ta ng\u00e0y nay l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang m\u1ea5t th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp. Th\u01b0\u1eddng khi tre gi\u00e0 m\u0103ng m\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef v\u00ed von. Th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 gi\u00e0 qua \u0111\u1eddi, th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 tr\u1ebb ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i. Ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n l\u00e0m b\u0103ng ho\u1ea1i v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m qua c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1eb1ng \u201cl\u1edbp gi\u00e0 ngu mu\u1ed9i c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n ch\u1ebft \u0111i, l\u1edbp tr\u1ebb s\u1ebd kh\u00e1 h\u01a1n\u201d.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng nan \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n tha h\u00f3a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang ng\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng. Bao l\u00e2u ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a \u1ea5y c\u00f2n, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o M\u1ef9 c\u1ee7a t\u1edd Time sau khi vi\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t Nam nh\u1eadn ra n\u1ec1n V\u0103n h\u00f3a V\u1ecb k\u1ef7<\/em> manh nha trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u00e0 \u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Me Culture<\/em>. C\u00e1i nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i\u2026 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i\u2026 xe con c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i\u2026 T\u00f4i, t\u00f4i, t\u00f4i\u2026 c\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u0169ng t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t x\u00f3m gi\u1ec1ng, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed3 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. M\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i s\u1ed1ng trong s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00fac ra k\u1ebb h\u1ea1 nh\u00e2n l\u00e0m tay sai cho ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Kim ti\u1ec1n, m\u00e1nh mung, ch\u1ee5p gi\u1eadt. C\u00f2n th\u1ea7n tr\u00ed \u0111\u00e2u lo chuy\u1ec7n qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng, x\u1ee9 s\u1edf\u00a0?<\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 tr\u1ebb ng\u00e0y nay s\u1ed1ng trong s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i v\u00e0 \u0111eo lo l\u00e0m ti\u1ec1n. Ai \u0111\u00e2y mu\u1ed1n k\u1ebf t\u1ee5c chuy\u1ec7n n\u01b0\u1edbc\u00a0? T\u00f4i n\u00f3i ta m\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. T\u1ed1i nguy. Hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean m\u1ea5y \u00f4ng gi\u00e0 ch\u1ebft \u0111i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp thay. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c duy tr\u00ec t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ngo\u1ea1i lai, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf tham nh\u0169ng, \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb7c l\u1ee3i, thay v\u00ec ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 d\u00e2n \u0111en.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ecb b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i \u201cn\u00f3i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c tr\u1ebb Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d<\/em> l\u00e0 k\u1eb9t \u0111\u1ea5y. K\u1eb9t v\u00ec C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n b\u1eaft ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp<\/em> ho\u00e0i. M\u00ecnh c\u00f3 n\u00f3i g\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng ai nghe, ch\u1eb3ng ai tin \u0111\u00e2u, d\u00f9 n\u00f3i nh\u1ecf nh\u1eb9, n\u00f3i theo \u00fd h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0o. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f4i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb v\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean. Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n suy ngh\u0129 m\u1ea5y c\u00e2u b\u1ea5t h\u1ee7 nh\u1eb1m hu\u1ef7 di\u1ec7t th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai sau \u0111\u00e2y\u00a0:<\/p>\n

\u201cPh\u1ea3i l\u00e0m cho d\u00e2n ch\u00fang v\u1eeba y\u00eau v\u1eeba s\u1ee3. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n y\u00eau m\u1ebfn th\u00ec c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i duy tr\u00ec n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u00fd ch\u00ed m\u00e0 n\u1ed5i lo\u1ea1n.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

\u201cPh\u1ea3i gi\u1eef cho c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0\u00a0: \u201cphong tr\u00e0o d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp\u201d kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u00fang ngh\u0129a, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u00e9n r\u1ec5 v\u00e0 lan r\u1ed9ng. Ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng manh m\u00fan, r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c, t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb\u00a0; l\u00e0m cho c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u201cl\u00e3nh t\u1ee5\u201d m\u00e0 \u00edt ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang\u00a0; c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u201cnh\u00e2n s\u0129 tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c\u201d m\u00e0 \u00edt ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c l\u1ef1c\u00a0; c\u00f3 nhi\u00ea\u00f9 nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e3ng m\u1ea1n h\u1eddi h\u1ee3i c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ph\u00f4 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u2013 m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1ec9m c\u01b0\u1eddi \u00fd nh\u1ecb \u2013 ch\u1ee9 \u00edt ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m m\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i\u00a0; [l\u00e0m cho] c\u00f3 th\u1eadt nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u201cch\u1ed1ng c\u1ed9ng c\u1ef1c \u0111oan\u201d c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i t\u1eeb b\u00ean trong, g\u00e2y ph\u1ea3n c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0m cho nh\u1eefng gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u1ef1u chi\u1ebfn binh ph\u1eabn n\u1ed9\u2026<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

\u201cPh\u1ea3i ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng trong vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng cao d\u00e2n tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i l\u00e8o l\u00e1i \u201cd\u00e2n tr\u00ed cao\u201d kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi \u201c\u00fd th\u1ee9c d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 cao\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u201cPh\u1ea3i l\u00e0m sao cho gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0ng (\u2026) khao kh\u00e1t ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng danh, m\u1ea1o hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o trong kinh doanh, c\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfn trong s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p ri\u00eang, t\u00f4n th\u1edd Bill Gates v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 – nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1edd \u01a1 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ho\u00e0i b\u00e3o c\u1ea3i bi\u1ebfn x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, xa l\u1ea1 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec5n v\u00f4ng, t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n thay cho \u00fd th\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh xa \u00e2m m\u01b0u thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9<\/strong>. (\u2026) L\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 trong m\u1ed7i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ch\u00e2n r\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ta. C\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c trung gian nh\u01b0 M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c, C\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n, H\u1ed9i ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef, c\u00e1c H\u1ed9i c\u1ef1u chi\u1ebfn binh, c\u00e1c C\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 h\u01b0u tr\u00ed \u2026 ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t huy vai tr\u00f2 t\u1ed1i \u0111a trong vi\u1ec7c trung ho\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 nguy hi\u1ec3m, \u0111i\u1ec1u ho\u00e0 nh\u1eefng xung \u0111\u1ed9t n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 gi\u1eefa nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t m\u00e3n c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n ch\u00fang\u2026 L\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0ng theo h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed1i \u0111e do\u1ea1.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u201cQuan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i \u2013 d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 trong ti\u1ec1m th\u1ee9c \u2013 nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 cho nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y tuy\u1ec7t v\u1ecdng. (\u2026) Ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft d\u00f9ng m\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eed, \u0111\u00e1nh v\u00e0o th\u00f3i tham lam \u00edch k\u1ef7 l\u1eabn th\u00f3i h\u00e1o danh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi, v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 tinh th\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a m\u00e1nh mung ch\u1ee5p gi\u1eadt tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c – v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 r\u00e3 r\u1eddi v\u1ec1 \u00fd ch\u00ed, tan v\u1ee1 v\u1ec1 ni\u1ec1m tin, ch\u00e1n ng\u00e1n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7\u00a0; nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb s\u1eb5n nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i van \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00e2n ch\u00fang c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 gi\u1ea3i to\u1ea3 \u1ea9n \u1ee9c\u201d.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

C\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u00e2u n\u00e0y\u00a0:<\/p>\n

\u201cM\u1ed9t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd m\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kinh nghi\u1ec7m qu\u00ed tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n nh\u1ed3i s\u1ecd\u00a0: vi\u1ec7c ch\u00fang ta b\u1eaft \u00e9p sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Marx-Lenin v\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ngo\u00e0i mong \u01b0\u1edbc.<\/strong> Th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 tr\u1ebb t\u00f4n th\u1edd th\u1ee9 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a m\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng tin. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 tr\u1ebb ch\u00e1n ng\u00e1n \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn c\u1ed5 khi ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc m\u00e3i m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi, b\u1ecb nh\u1ed3i nh\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea3n c\u1ea3m nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u0169 k\u1ef9. Nh\u1edd v\u1eady ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 tr\u1ebb th\u1edd \u01a1 v\u00f4 c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7, chai s\u1ea1n v\u1edbi l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ho\u00e0i b\u00e3o m\u00e0 thanh ni\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3, tr\u1edf n\u00ean th\u1ef1c d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 \u00edch k\u1ef7 h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd h\u1ebft\u201d.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

V\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p d\u1eadp t\u1eaft c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh\u00a0:<\/p>\n

\u201cM\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt tr\u1ebb trung h\u01a1n, nhi\u1ec7t huy\u1ebft c\u00f2n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u01b0\u01a1ng, th\u00ec l\u1ea1i ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eddi, ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb l\u00fd lu\u1eadn chu \u0111\u00e1o, ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb n\u00e0y ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p kh\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u01a1ng tay, b\u1ecf t\u00f9 t\u1eeb 3 \u0111\u1ebfn 7 n\u0103m. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ebft g\u00e0 t\u1eeb trong tr\u1ee9ng. Th\u1eed t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng xem m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i n\u0103ng tr\u1ebb ph\u1ea3i thui ch\u1ed9t nh\u1eefng n\u0103m th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi trong lao t\u00f9, c\u00e1ch ly v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n, g\u1eb7m nh\u1ea5m n\u1ed7i c\u00f4 \u0111\u01a1n thay cho vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, th\u00ec sao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1ebft kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng\u00a0? Khi ra t\u00f9 th\u00ec c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 tu\u1ed5i trung ni\u00ean, m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi, ch\u00e1n ch\u01b0\u1eddng. N\u1ebfu v\u1eabn c\u00f2n d\u0169ng kh\u00ed th\u00ec c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ee5t h\u1eadu v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, b\u1ecb tr\u00ec n\u00e9o b\u1edfi g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh, c\u00f2n l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eefa\u00a0?\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u\u00a0? \u1ede c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1eadt n\u00e0o\u00a0? S\u00e1c xu\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c bao nhi\u00eau\u00a0? Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a khi ta n\u1eafm v\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n t\u1eeb khi n\u00f3 ra \u0111\u1eddi tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t Vi\u1ec7t, v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch th\u00e2m \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c su\u1ed1t 64 n\u0103m qua c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. <\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb \u00fd th\u1ee9c mu\u1ed1n nghe, t\u00f4i khuy\u00ean h\u1ecd t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o Qu\u1ea3 tr\u1ee9ng M\u1eb9 \u00c2u C\u01a1 v\u00e0 h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda Qu\u1ea3 tr\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n

M\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t, l\u00e0 h\u1ecdp nhau l\u1ea1i \u201cM\u1ed9t Tr\u0103m Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t\u201d<\/strong> ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

M\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ee9 hai, t\u00f4i l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 v\u0103n Haruki Murakami ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt. Murakami quan ni\u1ec7m con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ecfng manh nh\u01b0 qu\u1ea3 tr\u1ee9ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7. Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9, ch\u1ee7 thuy\u1ebft, b\u1ea1o quy\u1ec1n nh\u01b0 b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u0103n ch\u1eafn v\u00eanh v\u00e1o. L\u1eafm khi nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng trong \u0111\u1eddi khi\u1ebfn ta ph\u1eabn n\u1ed9 mu\u1ed1n v\u1ea5t tr\u1ee9ng v\u00e0o t\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i. Tr\u1ee9ng v\u1ea5t v\u00e0o t\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec \u0103n thua g\u00ec\u00a0? T\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e3i m\u00e3i l\u00ec l\u1ee3m, ki\u00ean c\u1ed1.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 phe Qu\u1ea3 tr\u1ee9ng\u00a0! Ch\u1edb d\u1ef1a l\u01b0ng v\u00e0o t\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Th\u01b0 nh\u1eadn l\u1eddi v\u00e0o \u1ee6y ban B\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Ren\u00e9 Huyghe thu\u1ed9c H\u00e0n L\u00e2m Vi\u1ec7n Ph\u00e1p<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

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Th\u01b0 nh\u1eadn l\u1eddi v\u00e0o \u1ee6y ban B\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Michel Foucault, Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 L\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p qu\u1ed1c H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n (Coll\u00e8ge de France)<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

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Th\u01b0 nh\u1eadn l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc Edgar Morin<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

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Th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Micea Eliade, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Sorbonne<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

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Th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Emanuel Le Roy Ladurie thu\u1ed9c Ph\u00e1p qu\u1ed1c H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n \/ Coll\u00e8ge de France<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

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Th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc Ernan McMullin, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Notre Dame, Hoa K\u1ef3<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

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Th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc Thomas Nagel, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc New York, Hoa K\u1ef3<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

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Th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Linh m\u1ee5c Henri de Lubac, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 s\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt A Di \u0110\u00e0<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

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Th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1eafc Kham<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

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Th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 v\u0103n, K\u1ecbch t\u00e1c gia V\u0169 Kh\u1eafc Khoan<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

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Th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a \u0110i\u00eau Kh\u1eafc gia L\u00ea Th\u00e0nh Nh\u01a1n, Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Qu\u1ed1c gia Cao \u0111\u1eb3ng M\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Saigon v\u00e0 Hu\u1ebf<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

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Th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u00edch Thi\u00ean \u00c2n, c\u1ef1u Khoa tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc V\u0103n khoa V\u1ea1n H\u1ea1nh, Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc V\u0103n khoa Saigon v\u00e0 Hu\u1ebf<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

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Th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a H\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Ho\u00e0ng V\u0103n Ch\u00ed<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

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Th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u1eafc Kh\u00ea, Th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean Ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n VNCH t\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Gen\u00e8ve 1954, C\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n Ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n VNCH t\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Paris 1968-1973<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

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Th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 B\u00e1c s\u0129 Tr\u1ea7n Quang \u0110\u1ec7, c\u1ef1u Vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y khoa Saigon<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

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Th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 v\u0103n V\u00f5 Phi\u1ebfn<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

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Th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 v\u0103n Mai Th\u1ea3o<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n
Th\u01a1 v\u00e0 Con t\u00e0u \u0110\u1ea3o \u00c1nh S\u00e1ng<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n

23. L\u00ea Th\u1ecb Hu\u1ec7\u00a0: C\u00f3 c\u1ea3m t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ed9t Thi V\u0169 nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 tranh \u0111\u1ea5u V\u00f5 V\u0103n \u00c1i. B\u00e0i th\u01a1 n\u00e0o l\u00e0 b\u00e0i \u01b0ng \u00fd nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Thi V\u0169\u00a0?<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u00f5 V\u0103n \u00c1i\u00a0:<\/strong> Tranh \u0111\u1ea5u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea1m. \u0110\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea1m t\u1ef1 \u00e1i, \u0111\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea1m \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. T\u1ea5t c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, ch\u1eedi b\u1edbi, b\u00f4i nh\u1ecd, vu h\u00e3m. \u0110\u00e2u \u0111\u00f3 Nerhu vi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng \u0111i v\u00e0o ch\u00ednh tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 \u0111i v\u00e0o gi\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1, nh\u01b0ng Nerhu b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/em> \u0111i v\u00e0o ch\u00ednh tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/em> ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn b\u00e3o gi\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

L\u00e0m th\u01a1 \u00edt \u0111\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea1m. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 ch\u00ea c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1eb1n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea3i k\u00ea dao v\u00e0o c\u1ed5. Vi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang hay \u0111\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn hoa, m\u00e2y, tr\u0103ng, chim, r\u1eebng\u2026 m\u00ecnh kh\u00f3 bi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c v\u1ecb n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng cu\u1ed3ng n\u1ed9 ch\u1eafc c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i gi\u1ebft m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i c\u1ea3m t\u01b0\u1edfng do ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c d\u1ed9i l\u00ean, khi\u1ebfn cho Thi V\u0169 v\u00e0 V\u00f5 V\u0103n \u00c1i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c nhau. T\u1ef1 th\u00e2n t\u00f4i, Thi v\u0169 hay V\u00f5 V\u0103n \u00c1i v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t, kh\u00f4ng sai kh\u00e1c t\u1eeb \u0103n, ng\u1ee7, t\u1ecda thi\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch, ng\u1eafm tr\u0103ng, ng\u00f3 tri\u00eau d\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u00ecn hoa, tranh, giao ti\u1ebfp hay vi\u1ebft. Ng\u00e0y t\u00f4i l\u00e0m t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9 \u1edf Paris, nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4 nhi\u1ec1u c\u1eadu vi\u1ebft th\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 mu\u1ed1n g\u1eb7p Thi V\u0169 r\u1ed3i r\u1ee7 r\u00ea nhau ra qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n g\u1eb7p V\u00f5 V\u0103n \u00c1i. Trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, th\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 mu\u1ed1n g\u1eb7p V\u00f5 V\u0103n \u00c1i. Nh\u01b0ng sau khi g\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ee5 t\u00f4i v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea3ng, m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn hay phong tr\u00e0o h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh, \u0111a s\u1ed1 trong h\u1ecd li\u1ec1n quay l\u01b0ng v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i, ti\u1ebfng b\u1ea5c ti\u1ebfng ch\u00ec. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t th\u00edch k\u00e9o b\u00e8 k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea3ng h\u01a1n t\u1eadp h\u1ecdp l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c chung cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc hay con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi b\u00e0i th\u01a1 n\u00e0o \u01b0ng \u00fd nh\u1ea5t. T\u00f4i ch\u1eafc ch\u1ecb s\u1ebd kh\u00f3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ch\u1ecb \u01b0ng \u00fd ch\u00e1u n\u00e0o nh\u1ea5t trong nh\u00e0\u00a0? M\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ee9a con m\u1ed9t thai ngh\u00e9n, m\u1ed9t s\u1eafc th\u00e1i, m\u1ed9t \u00e2u y\u1ebfm. Th\u01a1 c\u0169ng th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 ba b\u00e0i th\u01a1 ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u v\u00ec nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng. B\u00e0i K\u1ebb l\u1ea1<\/em> trong t\u1eadp Hoa N\u1eafng<\/em> do An Ti\u00eam xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n \u1edf Saigon n\u0103m 1966 m\u00e0 ch\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 cho \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean Gi\u00f3 O. M\u1ed9t h\u00f4m t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Linh m\u1ee5c Nguy\u1ec5n Ng\u1ecdc Lan d\u1ea1y \u1edf Vi\u1ec7n Th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc Pie X Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng Ch\u1ee7ng Vi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t vi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng\u00a0: H\u00f4m nay khai gi\u1ea3ng kh\u00f3a th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i th\u01a1 K\u1ebb L\u1ea1<\/em> c\u1ee7a anh v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3ng cho c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng sinh nghe.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t b\u00e0i kh\u00e1c, c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t thanh ni\u00ean \u1edf Nhatrang m\u00e0 t\u00f4i qu\u00ean t\u00ean, vi\u1ebft th\u01b0 sang Paris cho t\u00f4i n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng\u00a0: bu\u1ed3n \u0111i tr\u00ean ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0o hi\u1ec7u s\u00e1ch th\u1ea5y Tuy\u1ec3n t\u1eadp Thi Nh\u1ea1c H\u1ecda Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/em> do nh\u00e0 L\u00e1 B\u1ed1i xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n n\u0103m 1967, \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i th\u01a1 Thi V\u0169 n\u00ean b\u1ecf \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ef1 t\u1eed. B\u00e0i th\u01a1 ng\u1eafn \u1ea5y nh\u01b0 sau\u00a0:<\/p>\n

\n
\n

\nThanh<\/strong>
\nch\u00e2n \u0111\u00f4i g\u1ea7y th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi
\n\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1eafng kh\u00f3m m\u00e2y h\u1ed3ng
\ntr\u1eddi cao xanh
\nv\u00e0 thanh
\nm\u00f9a xu\u00e2n vui
\nv\u00e0 l\u00e0nh
\ntrong l\u00f2ng thanh
\ncon chim b\u00e9
\nh\u00f3t m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi
\nl\u00e1 n\u00f5n
\nhoa th\u01a1m<\/em>\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n

B\u00e0i th\u1ee9 ba tuy ch\u1eb3ng ai ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 n\u1ed1i k\u1ebft t\u00f4i v\u1edbi qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00f9 t\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i l\u00e2u h\u01a1n s\u1ed1ng trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. L\u1ebd ra t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u00f4ng t\u00e2y da v\u00e0ng r\u1ed3i. Nh\u01b0ng s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y kia nh\u01b0 cu\u1ed1n r\u00fan ch\u01b0a l\u00eca khi\u1ebfn t\u00f4i c\u1ee9 ph\u1ea3i long \u0111ong v\u1edbi qu\u00ea c\u0169. B\u00e0i n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong 108 b\u00e0i trong t\u1eadp th\u01a1 R\u1eb1m<\/em> s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c \u1edf Herradura, T\u00e2y Ban Nha n\u0103m 1973 (ch\u01b0a xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n). Th\u1eddi gian \u1ea5y t\u00f4i chi\u00eam nghi\u1ec7m th\u01a1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecdng v\u00e0 ng\u1eafn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

Th\u01a1 ng\u1eafn nh\u1ea5t trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 th\u1ea5t ng\u00f4n t\u1ee9 tuy\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a T\u00e0u, 28 ch\u1eef. Ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n n\u1eefa l\u00e0 ng\u0169 ng\u00f4n t\u1ee9 tuy\u1ec7t, 20 ch\u1eef. Ng\u1eafn nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn cho t\u1edbi nay l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 Haiku c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt, 17 ch\u1eef.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng th\u1ec3 l\u1ee5c b\u00e1t Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ec9 14 ch\u1eef. Ta \u0111\u1ecdc th\u1ea5y trong kho t\u00e0ng ca dao, trong Ki\u1ec1u nh\u1eefng hai c\u00e2u l\u1ee5c b\u00e1t hay nh\u1ea5t. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n th\u01a1 m\u1ed9ng, ch\u00e2n ch\u1ea5t hay thi h\u00e0o khi b\u1eaft ch\u1edbp t\u1ee9 th\u01a1, ghi ch\u1ee5p h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, tung m\u1edf suy t\u01b0\u2026 h\u1ecd th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn, sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng, sung m\u00e3n trong 14 ch\u1eef m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c nh\u00e2n sinh b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t h\u01a1i th\u1edf ch\u1ee9a ng\u1ea7m thi t\u00ednh. M\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y ch\u00fang ta th\u1edf 21.000 l\u1ea7n. Nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u khi sinh ra, h\u01a1i th\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u d\u1eabn d\u1eafc s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng ra \u0111i. M\u1ed7i h\u01a1i th\u1edf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u l\u1ee5c b\u00e1t 14 ch\u1eef. Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u Ki\u1ec1u hay ca dao \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u1ea5t, nh\u1edb nh\u1ea5t, l\u01b0u luy\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t trong tr\u00ed ta bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 hai c\u00e2u.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ec9 khi n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n k\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec7n, tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh t\u1ef1, m\u1ed9t \u01b0\u1edbc m\u01a1, x\u00e9t \u0111o\u00e1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m th\u01a1 m\u1edbi v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra ngo\u00e0i s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng<\/em> – l\u00e0 h\u01a1i th\u1edf – k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1i th\u1edf k\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eddi<\/em>, chuy\u1ec7n n\u01b0\u1edbc non, t\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng ca. S\u1ef1 th\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n<\/em> \u0111\u1ed5i ra cu\u1ed9c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Th\u01a1 14 ch\u1eef b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n, c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng, th\u1ebf s\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u01a1i th\u1edf. \u1ede \u0111\u00f3 bi\u00ean c\u01b0\u01a1ng sinh t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e9p k\u00edn.<\/p>\n

\u1ede c\u00e1c th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i an b\u00ecnh, t\u00e2m t\u01b0 t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i, tinh th\u1ea7n minh m\u1eabn, th\u01a1 ng\u1eafn v\u00e0 c\u00f4 \u0111\u00fac. T\u00ecnh n\u1ed3ng nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u00e9n, kh\u00ed m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eb1n. M\u1ed7i ch\u1eef n\u1ed5 tung gi\u1eefa l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc, l\u1eddi vi\u1ebft b\u1edbt \u1ed3n \u00e0o. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0ng r\u00f2ng trong th\u01a1. Hai chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ee9ng xu\u1ed1ng th\u01a1 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00e2n chim m\u1ea3nh mai vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean c\u00e1t tr\u1eafng nh\u1eefng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u gi\u1ea3i t\u00edch h\u01b0 v\u00f4.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0o th\u1eddi lo\u1ea1n ly, th\u01a1 th\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 d\u00e0i. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7n b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng cay \u0111\u1eafng, u\u1ea5t h\u1eddn. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m th\u01a1 \u0111i xa con tim \u01b0u \u00e1i xu\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1 l\u01b0u bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u00f3n tay. Vi\u00ean than h\u1ed3ng v\u00f4 ng\u00f4n \u0111\u00e3 tro b\u1ea1t th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed1ng ch\u1eef l\u1ea1nh l\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

B\u00e0i th\u01a1 n\u00f3i tr\u00ean t\u00f4i vi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 sau\u00a0:<\/p>\n

\n
\n

\nN\u01b0\u1edbc<\/strong>
\nCon chim
\nh\u00f3t
\nm\u1ed9t tr\u00e0ng s\u00f4ng
\nN\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3n tr\u1ea1ch
\nth\u01a1m n\u1ed3ng
\nc\u00f5i xa<\/em>\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n

T\u00f4i c\u0169ng t\u00e2m \u0111\u1eafc v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c Gi\u00f3 O ch\u1ecdn b\u00e0i \u201cXa nh\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin M\u1eb9 m\u1ea5t\u201d<\/em> c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c M\u1ed9t B\u00e0i Th\u01a1 Hay\u00a0<\/a>(14)<\/a>. M\u1ea5t M\u1eb9 l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u1ee7ng khi\u1ebfp kinh h\u1ed3n trong \u0111\u1eddi t\u00f4i n\u0103m 1983, l\u00fd do qua \u0111\u1eddi v\u00ec ngh\u00e8o v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu thu\u1ed1c. B\u00e0i th\u01a1 \u1ea5y n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ghi tr\u1ecdn h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eddi t\u00f4i qua c\u00e2u \u201c\u0110em th\u00e2n ch\u1ed1ng b\u00e3o v\u1edbt ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ea7m lu\u00e2n\u201d<\/em>. Ch\u1ed1ng b\u00e3o l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh cho nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n Vi\u1ec7t Nam tr\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, v\u00e0 v\u1edbt ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ea7n lu\u00e2n l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c x\u01b0\u1edbng xu\u1ea5t con \u201cT\u00e0u \u0110\u1ea3o \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng\u201d ra v\u1edbt Ng\u01b0\u1eddi V\u01b0\u1ee3t Bi\u1ec3n tr\u00ean Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1978.<\/p>\n

X\u00f3t xa trong l\u00f2ng v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nguy\u1ec7n trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c th\u01a1 v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngu\u00f4i ngoai ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 c\u1ee9u v\u1edbt nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e2m l\u1ee5\u1ef5 tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea3, v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ea3 t\u1ef1 do cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f9 C\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u1edbn t\u1eeb gi\u1eefa th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 80.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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\"H\u1ed3\u201cB\u1eafc h\u00f3a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00f9 ng\u1ee5c \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam\u201d<\/strong> ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp b\u00e1o l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ng\u00e0y 29.5.1978 t\u1ea1i Paris tr\u01b0\u1edbc 60 k\u00fd gi\u1ea3 truy\u1ec1n thanh, truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh, b\u00e1o ch\u00ed qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0m cho c\u00f4ng lu\u1eadn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi chuy\u1ec3n sang h\u1eadu thu\u1eabn ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c”><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 \u201cB\u1eafc h\u00f3a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00f9 ng\u1ee5c \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam\u201d<\/strong> ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp b\u00e1o l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ng\u00e0y 29.5.1978 t\u1ea1i Paris tr\u01b0\u1edbc 60 k\u00fd gi\u1ea3 truy\u1ec1n thanh, truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh, b\u00e1o ch\u00ed qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0m cho c\u00f4ng lu\u1eadn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi chuy\u1ec3n sang h\u1eadu thu\u1eabn ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

\nCu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u1ea1i Paris v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 29.5.1978 n\u00f3i l\u00ean th\u1ea3m tr\u1ea1ng t\u00f9 ng\u1ee5c Vi\u1ec7t Nam, m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cB\u1eafc ho\u00e1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00f9 ng\u1ee5c \u1edf Mi\u1ec1n Nam\u201d<\/em> (La Nordmalisation des Prisons au Sud Vietnam) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 60 k\u00fd gi\u1ea3 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh, b\u00e1o ch\u00ed qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf tham d\u1ef1. B\u00e1o ch\u00ed, truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 bao nhi\u00eau cho H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1edbc 1975, th\u00ec cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp b\u00e1o n\u00e0y l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n ho\u00e1 l\u01b0\u01a1ng tri nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n th\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. Cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp b\u00e1o th\u00e1ng 5.1978 r\u1ed3i chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch \u201cM\u1ed9t Chi\u1ebfc T\u00e0u Cho Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d th\u00e1ng 11.1978 \u0111i v\u1edbt Ng\u01b0\u1eddi V\u01b0\u1ee3t Bi\u1ec3n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a phe d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c sau 33 n\u0103m b\u1ecb C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i khuynh lo\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c g\u00e2y vang \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m, l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n U\u1ef7 ban B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 Quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0m Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/em>\u00a0<\/a>(15)<\/a> ki\u1ec7n H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i vi ph\u1ea1m nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng tr\u01b0\u1edbc LHQ \u1edf New York ng\u00e0y 29.4.1985 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 500 trang ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft t\u1eadp t\u1eeb sau n\u0103m 1975. V\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n x\u1ea9y ra ngay v\u00e0o l\u00fac H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c r\u1ea7m r\u1ed9 \u0103n m\u1eebng 10 n\u0103m chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng, l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1eddi 200 nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 tham d\u1ef1. B\u00e1o ch\u00ed trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea7m r\u1ed9 n\u00f3i l\u00ean s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n vi ph\u1ea1m nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1p \u0111anh th\u00e9p tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfn ti\u1ec7c linh \u0111\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i m\u1eb7c nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n kh\u1ed1n kh\u00f3, b\u1ecb \u00e1p b\u1ee9c, m\u1eb7c h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea5t th\u01a1 th\u1ea5t th\u1ec3u tr\u00ean c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng Kinh t\u1ebf m\u1edbi, m\u1eb7c s\u00e1u m\u01b0\u01a1i l\u0103m ngh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb th\u1ea3m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 t\u00e1m tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ebft m\u00f2n trong c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1i C\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\n
\"24.4.1977,<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
\"24.4.1977,<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
24.4.1977, T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 vi\u1ebft Th\u01b0 Ng\u1ecf g\u1eedi \u00f4ng Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n \u0110\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n chuy\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng du Ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. B\u1ee9c th\u01b0 v\u00e0 h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Mi\u1ec1n Nam qua 3 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf Kinh t\u1ebf m\u1edbi, tr\u1ea3 th\u00f9 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Mi\u1ec1n Nam), Tr\u1ea1i C\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o, tr\u1ea3 th\u00f9 qu\u00e2n c\u00e1n ch\u00ednh Mi\u1ec1n Nam, v\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0n \u00e1p Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t. Th\u01b0 v\u00e0 h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o ch\u00ed, truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t v\u1ea5n t\u1ea1i bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng h\u00f4m 28.4.1977. M\u1ea5t m\u1eb7t, \u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng t\u1ee9c gi\u1eadn, n\u1ed5i n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecf m\u1eb7t, m\u1eaft long lanh v\u00e0 tay \u0111\u1eadp b\u00e0n \u201ckh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh\u201d\u00a0: \u201cKh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u00a0!\u201d<\/em>. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 b\u00e1o ch\u00ed Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u0103ng t\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a chuy\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng du Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n \u0110\u1ed3ng\u00a0!<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

\nTr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1978, t\u00f4i nh\u1edb m\u00e3i nh\u01b0 in trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng cho chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch \u201cM\u1ed9t Chi\u1ebfc T\u00e0u Cho Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d \u0111i v\u1edbt Ng\u01b0\u1eddi V\u01b0\u1ee3t Bi\u1ec3n\u00a0<\/a>(16)<\/a>, \u0111\u00e0i Truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh Ho\u00e0 Lan sang Paris ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n t\u00f4i. K\u00fd gi\u1ea3 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi phe t\u1ea3 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3ng X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Phe t\u1ea3 trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u1ea1i Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd kh\u00f4ng m\u1eb7n m\u00e0 l\u1eafm v\u1edbi Ng\u01b0\u1eddi V\u01b0\u1ee3t Bi\u1ec3n. H\u1ecd cho Ng\u01b0\u1eddi V\u01b0\u1ee3t Bi\u1ec3n l\u00e0 \u201ctay sai c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9\u201d, l\u00e0 \u201cnh\u1eefng t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m chi\u1ebfn tranh\u201d. V\u00ec v\u1eady anh k\u00fd gi\u1ea3 h\u1ecfi t\u00f4i\u00a0: \u201cV\u00ec sao l\u1ea1i c\u1ee9u v\u1edbt nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb l\u00e0m tay sai cho M\u1ef9\u201d\u00a0?<\/em> \u0110\u1ea1i lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. T\u00f4i h\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1ee3c anh ta\u00a0: \u201c\u0110ang \u0111i b\u00ean b\u1edd c\u00e1c con l\u1ea1ch (Gracht) \u1edf Amsterdam, anh th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft \u0111u\u1ed1i, anh nh\u1ea3y xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee9u ngay, hay h\u1ecfi xem k\u1ebb \u1ea5y thu\u1ed9c phe t\u1ea3, phe h\u1eefu r\u1ed3i anh m\u1edbi ra tay\u00a0?\u201d. R\u1ed3i t\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch trong cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra \u0111i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan l\u1ea1i, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi Hoa K\u1ef3, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, th\u1ee3 thuy\u1ec1n, nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb b\u1ea7n h\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu n\u1ed5i ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i b\u1ea5t nh\u00e2n n\u00ean h\u1ecd ra \u0111i t\u00ecm t\u1ef1 do. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p cha m\u1eb9 ngh\u00e8o kh\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 ti\u1ec1n n\u00ean \u0111\u00e0nh g\u1eedi con c\u00e1i ra \u0111i mong c\u1ea7u cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai ch\u00fang s\u00e1ng s\u1ee7a.<\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m \u1ea5y (1978) ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfu b\u00ean Ho\u00e0 Lan. C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft \u0111u\u1ed1i tr\u00ean con l\u1ea1ch th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Amsterdam g\u00e2y x\u00fac \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Ho\u00e0 Lan, n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e2n ch\u00fang y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chi\u1ebfu l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n 3 l\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5 Gi\u00e1ng sinh. Trong v\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n l\u1ec5, m\u01b0\u01a1i ng\u00e0y, d\u00e2n ch\u00fang Ho\u00e0 Lan g\u1eedi ti\u1ec1n \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 Con T\u00e0u t\u00e1m (8) tri\u1ec7u Ph\u1eadt l\u0103ng. H\u1ecd g\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eddi t\u00f4i sang Amsterdam nh\u1eadn ti\u1ec1n, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng \u0111i v\u1edbi Nh\u00e0 v\u0103n n\u1eef Claudie Broyelle, nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o Olivier Todd, b\u00e1c s\u0129 Bernard Kouchner trong U\u1ef7 ban M\u1ed9t Chi\u1ebfc T\u00e0u Cho Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

Chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch C\u1ee9u S\u1ed1ng Ng\u01b0\u1eddi V\u01b0\u1ee3t Bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf ho\u00e1 k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n Ho\u00e0 Lan n\u00e0y. T\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Ph\u00e1p ch\u1edbi v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, li\u1ec1n tung m\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n ti\u1ec1n \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cb\u0103ng b\u00f3 v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng chi\u1ebfn tranh\u201d<\/em>. H\u1ecd in b\u00edch ch\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1edbn 2 th\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean 3 th\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e1n kh\u1eafp n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p. Sau m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng h\u1ecd thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103m tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn Ph\u1eadt l\u0103ng. Trong c\u00f9ng th\u00e1ng \u1ea5y, U\u1ef7 ban c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ba tri\u1ec7u Ph\u1eadt l\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

Tho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ea7u khi x\u01b0\u1edbng xu\u1ea5t con t\u00e0u \u0111i v\u1edbt ng\u01b0\u1eddi, b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c k\u00eau g\u1ecdi qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf l\u01b0u t\u00e2m t\u1edbi th\u1ea3m c\u1ea3nh Ng\u01b0\u1eddi V\u01b0\u1ee3t Bi\u1ec3n. Ch\u1eb3ng hy v\u1ecdng g\u00ec c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t con t\u00e0u th\u1ef1c h\u1eefu ra Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng. N\u00e0o ng\u1edd Ph\u00e1p, Ho\u00e0 Lan, \u0110\u1ee9c, Na Uy\u2026 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u r\u1ed3i kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng ra tay h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 th\u00e0nh phong tri\u1ec1u r\u1ea7m r\u1ed9. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng khi c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n trong tay, th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c thu\u00ea t\u00e0u tr\u1edf n\u00ean b\u00ed l\u1ed1i. \u00d4ng George Meany, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch C\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n AFL-CIO th\u1eddi \u1ea5y, h\u1ee9a v\u1edbi t\u00f4i s\u1ebd gi\u00fap t\u00e0u \u0111i v\u1edbt ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ti\u1ebfc thay phe t\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p trong U\u1ef7 ban c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ee9ng. C\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y b\u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 M\u1ef9 nh\u00fang tay v\u00e0o\u00a0?\u00a0! V\u00ec v\u1eady ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i \u0111i kh\u1ea3o gi\u00e1 thu\u00ea t\u00e0u t\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p. N\u0103m h\u00e3ng vui v\u1ebb nh\u1eadn l\u1eddi cho thu\u00ea. \u0110\u1ebfn khi c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n trong tay, th\u00ec c\u1ea3 n\u0103m h\u00e3ng \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u0103ng kh\u0103ng t\u1eeb kh\u01b0\u1edbc, vi\u1ec7n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00fd do, n\u00e0o t\u00e0u ph\u1ea3i s\u01a1n ph\u1ebft l\u1ea1i, n\u00e0o t\u00e0u c\u00f2n s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa, v.v\u2026 \u0110i\u1ec1u tra m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i Ph\u00e1p n\u1eb1m trong tay \u0111\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n n\u00ean b\u1ecb \u00e1p l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i thu\u00ea.<\/p>\n

Gi\u1eefa c\u01a1n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1ecdng, th\u00ec m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam v\u00e0o l\u00fac 3 gi\u1edd s\u00e1ng, m\u1ed9t b\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9 \u1edf Noum\u00e9a b\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o Nouvelle Cal\u00e9donie (thu\u1ed9c Ph\u00e1p tr\u00ean Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh d\u01b0\u01a1ng) g\u1ecdi sang n\u00f3i\u00a0: \u0110\u1ecdc Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9 th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c \u00f4ng g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n thu\u00ea t\u00e0u. \u201cT\u00e0u \u0110\u1ea3o \u00c1nh S\u00e1ng\u201d c\u1ee7a ch\u1ed3ng t\u00f4i v\u1eeba h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n cho thu\u00ea, n\u1ebfu \u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng t\u00e0u n\u00e0y \u0111i v\u1edbt ng\u01b0\u1eddi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n
\"Con<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
Con t\u00e0u \u0110\u1ea3o \u00c1nh S\u00e1ng (Ile de Lumi\u00e8re)<\/em> c\u1ee7a U\u1ef7 ban M\u1ed9t Chi\u1ebfc T\u00e0u Cho Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u1ea3 neo ra Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng v\u1edbt Ng\u01b0\u1eddi V\u01b0\u1ee3t Bi\u1ec3n t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1979<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

\nCh\u00fang t\u00f4i m\u1eebng h\u00fa v\u00eda. S\u00e1ng h\u00f4m sau ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u1eed ng\u01b0\u1eddi bay sang Noum\u00e9a k\u00fd ngay h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u00ea t\u00e0u. M\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u00eam th\u1eafm.<\/p>\n

Do s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n Con T\u00e0u n\u00e0y, \u0111\u00e0i BBC Anh ng\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 sang Paris ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n t\u00f4i l\u00fd do v\u1edbt Ng\u01b0\u1eddi V\u01b0\u1ee3t Bi\u1ec3n r\u1ed3i c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi C\u01a1 s\u1edf Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9 l\u00e0m b\u1ed9 phim \u201cSpirit of Asia\u201d<\/em> (Th\u1ea7n tr\u00ed \u00c1 ch\u00e2u) d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a David Attenborough bao g\u1ed3m 7 qu\u1ed1c gia Ch\u00e2u \u00c1, m\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t. B\u1ed9 phim nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn v\u0103n ho\u00e1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ee9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng t\u00e0n di\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 27 n\u01b0\u1edbc trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi thu\u00ea chi\u1ebfu. L\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t d\u1ecbp qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf ho\u00e1 v\u0103n ho\u00e1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam tr\u00ean cao \u0111i\u1ec3m truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n
\"H\u1ed3<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 500 trang \u0111\u1ec7 n\u1ea1p t\u1ea1i LHQ \u1edf N\u1eefu \u01af\u1edbc ng\u00e0y 29.4.1985 ki\u1ec7n Nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i vi ph\u1ea1m Nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong su\u1ed1t 10 n\u0103m 1975\u20131985 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, kinh t\u1ebf. B\u00e1o ch\u00ed, truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 loan t\u1ea3i r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i, \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u ra Quy\u1ebft ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u1ed1 c\u00e1o H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i n\u0103m 1986<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
\n
\"Tr\u00ean<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ea3i ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a tu\u1ea7n b\u00e1o Newsweek nh\u00e2n vi\u1ec7c ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ki\u1ec7n nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i vi ph\u1ea1m nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng t\u1ea1i LHQ \u1edf New York ng\u00e0y 29.4.1985<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
\n
\"Cu\u1ed1i<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1988, nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i x\u1eed \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh \u00f4ng Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n L\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 hai Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng to\u1ea1 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Th\u00edch Tu\u1ec7 S\u1ef9, Th\u00edch Tr\u00ed Si\u00eau (t\u1ee9c L\u00ea M\u1ea1nh Th\u00e1t), U\u1ef7 ban B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 Quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0m Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam thu\u1ed9c C\u01a1 s\u1edf Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9 li\u1ec1n m\u1edf cu\u1ed9c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u1ea5p t\u1ed1c trong v\u00f2ng 13 ng\u00e0y ph\u00e1 \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng qua s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng, Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, C\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n Hoa K\u1ef3 AFL-CIO v\u00e0 c\u00e1c C\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n \u1edf \u00c2u ch\u00e2u, v.v\u2026 T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean B\u1eafc \u00c2u g\u1eb7p Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Thu\u1ef5 \u0110i\u1ec3n nh\u1edd can thi\u1ec7p, v\u00ec Thu\u1ef5 \u0110i\u1ec3n l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eb1ng h\u1eefu thi\u1ebft c\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng li\u1ec1n ph\u00e1i Ngo\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edfng Thu\u1ef5 \u0110i\u1ec3n \u0111i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee9u. Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ingvar Carlsson cho bi\u1ebft hai Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng to\u1ea1 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1 \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
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\"Thay<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
Thay m\u1eb7t Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Anh, B\u00e0 Thatcher, \u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed5ng l\u00fd V\u0103n ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed3i \u00e2m th\u01b0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 nh\u1edd can thi\u1ec7p ph\u00e1 \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh cho \u00f4ng Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n L\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 2 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ecda Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi cho bi\u1ebft \u0110\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 Anh \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c can thi\u1ec7p<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
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\"Nh\u1edd<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
Nh\u1edd c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a C\u01a1 s\u1edf Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9, \u00f4ng Lane Kirkland, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch C\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n Hoa K\u1ef3 AFL-CIO (c\u00f3 14 tri\u1ec7u \u0111o\u00e0n vi\u00ean) vi\u1ebft th\u01b0 can thi\u1ec7p g\u1eedi T\u1ed5ng b\u00ed th\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Linh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u00e1 \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh cho Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n L\u01b0\u01a1ng, Th\u00edch Tu\u1ec7 S\u1ef9, L\u00ea M\u1ea1nh Th\u00e1t. Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n sao b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 \u1ea5y g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
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\"Tu\u1ea7n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
Tu\u1ea7n b\u00e1o Express t\u1ea1i Paris c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 danh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean in tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9 t\u00ean 130 V\u0103n Ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 Mi\u1ec1n Nam b\u1ecb C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n c\u1ea7m t\u00f9 v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 1978 v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u00f4ng tin trong n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 qu\u00fd hi\u1ebfm<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<\/tr>\n\n\n<\/tr>\n\n\n
\n
\"C\u01a1<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
\"C\u01a1<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
\"C\u01a1<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

\nC\u01a1 s\u1edf Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9 cung c\u1ea5p h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 Tr\u1ea1i C\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o (b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00e1c Tr\u1ea1i C\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o t\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n Nam, h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u00f2ng tay, tr\u00f3i khu\u1ef7u, giam trong th\u00f9ng Connex\u2026 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 d\u1eabn \u0111i ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n c\u00e1c t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ebfn Ph\u00e1p) \u0111\u1ec3 Tu\u1ea7n b\u00e1o Paris Match vi\u1ebft lo\u1ea1t b\u00e0i \u201cLes Goulags Vietnamiens\u201d s\u1ed1 1541 ra ng\u00e0y 8.12.1978 g\u00e2y ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng lu\u1eadn T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Paris Match \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft l\u1eddi c\u00e1m \u01a1n C\u01a1 s\u1edf Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9 v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u L\u1eddi K\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9 y\u00eau s\u00e1ch tr\u1ea3 t\u1ef1 do cho t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

<\/p>\n

\n
\n
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\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
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\"1979<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
1979\u00a0:<\/strong> \u0110u\u1ee3c tin ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n M\u00e3 Lai ra l\u1ec7nh xua \u0111u\u1ed5i 76 ngh\u00ecn Ngu\u1eddi Vu\u1ee3t Bi\u1ec3n ra kh\u1ecfi l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5, Co s\u1edf Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9 li\u1ec1n c\u1ea5p t\u1ed1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i Paris, tru\u1edbc Nh\u00e0 Th\u1edd Notre Dame de Paris, k\u00eau g\u1ecdi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u201cH\u00e3y C\u1ee9u \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o t\u00f4i\u2013 Xin \u0111\u1eebng gi\u1ebft ngu\u1eddi v\u00ec s\u1ef1 d\u1eedng dung\u00a0!\u201d. \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o ngu\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i Paris \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng tham gia bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

<\/p>\n

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\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
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\"1979<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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1979\u00a0:<\/strong> \u0110u\u1ee3c tin ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n M\u00e3 Lai ra l\u1ec7nh xua \u0111u\u1ed5i 76 ngh\u00ecn Ngu\u1eddi Vu\u1ee3t Bi\u1ec3n ra kh\u1ecfi l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5, Co s\u1edf Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9 li\u1ec1n c\u1ea5p t\u1ed1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i Paris, tru\u1edbc Nh\u00e0 Th\u1edd Notre Dame de Paris, k\u00eau g\u1ecdi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u201cH\u00e3y C\u1ee9u \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o t\u00f4i\u2013 Xin \u0111\u1eebng gi\u1ebft ngu\u1eddi v\u00ec s\u1ef1 d\u1eedng dung\u00a0!\u201d. \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o ngu\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i Paris \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng tham gia bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

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\"1979,<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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1979, m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebfu n\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ecdc l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi \u201cH\u00e3y C\u1ee9u \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o t\u00f4i\u2013 Xin \u0111\u1eebng gi\u1ebft ngu\u1eddi v\u00ec s\u1ef1 d\u1eedng dung\u00a0!\u201d tru\u1edbc \u1ed1ng k\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c co quan truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh, b\u00e1o ch\u00ed qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

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\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
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\"Nh\u1eefng<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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Nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh tang thuong c\u1ee7a Ngu\u1eddi Vu\u1ee3t Bi\u1ec3n cu\u1ed1i th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 78 t\u1ea5p v\u00e0o b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n M\u00e3 Lai<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

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\"T\u00e0u<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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T\u00e0u \u0110\u1ea3o \u00c1nh S\u00e1ng<\/strong> c\u1ee7a \u1ee6y Ban M\u1ed9t Chi\u1ebfc T\u00e0u cho Vi\u1ec7t Nam ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee9u ngu\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t tr\u00ean Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

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\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
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\"\u0110\u1ed3ng<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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\u0110\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o Vu\u1ee3t Bi\u1ec3n tr\u00ean \u0110\u1ea3o Pulo Bidong \u0111\u00f3n ch\u00e0o T\u00e0u \u0110\u1ea3o \u00c1nh S\u00e1ng<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

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\"20-21.7.1979<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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20-21.7.1979\u00a0:<\/strong> H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u1ec1 Ngu\u1eddi T\u1ecb n\u1ea1n \u0110\u00f4ng Duong t\u1ea1iLHQ Gen\u00e8ve, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u Ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9 \/\u1ee6y ban C\u1ee9u s\u1ed1ng Ngu\u1eddi Vu\u1ee3t Bi\u1ec3n, ng\u1ed3i d\u00e3y b\u00e0n tay tr\u00e1i, gh\u1ebf th\u1ee9 3. \u0110\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi d\u00e3y b\u00e0n tay ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u00f4ng Mai V\u0103n B\u1ed9 c\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ea7u Ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i <\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

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\"29.5.1978<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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29.5.1978\u00a0:<\/strong> H\u1ecdp b\u00e1o t\u1ea1i Paris tru\u1edbc 60 k\u00fd gi\u1ea3 truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh, truy\u1ec1n thanh, b\u00e1o ch\u00ed Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 h\u1ed3 so \u201cB\u1eafc h\u00f3a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00f9 ng\u1ee5c Mi\u1ec1n Nam \u2013 La Nordmalisation des Prisons au Sud Vietnam<\/em>\u201d<\/strong>. Cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp b\u00e1o \u0111a chuy\u1ec3n du lu\u1eadn T\u00e2y phuong n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 phe T\u1ea3 \u00c2u M\u1ef9 n\u00f3i ri\u00eang t\u1eeb b\u1ecf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i sang h\u1eadu thu\u1eabn cho ngu\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Tr\u00ean b\u00e0n ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda t\u1eeb tr\u00e1i sang\u00a0: Gi\u00e1o su S\u1eed h\u1ecdc Yilios Yannakakis<\/em>, nh\u00e0 ly khai Nga Natalya Gorbanewskaia<\/em>, nh\u00e0 ly khai Ukraine Leonid Pliouchtch<\/em>, nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng \u0110o\u00e0n V\u0103n T\u1ecdai, V\u00f5 V\u0103n \u00c1i<\/em>, Phuong Anh<\/em>, Tri\u1ebft gia Jean-Marie Benoist<\/em>, Lu\u1eadt su Jean-Marc Varraut<\/em> (xem tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi s\u1ed1 23)<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n
Ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n

24. L\u00ea Th\u1ecb Hu\u1ec7\u00a0: V\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng mua b\u00e1o Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9 v\u00ec hai \u0111i\u1ec1u, r\u1ea5t th\u00edch graphic design c\u1ee7a t\u1edd b\u00e1o, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Thi V\u0169, \u0111\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee9c c\u00e1ch d\u1ee5ng ng\u00f4n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u n\u0103m \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. \u00d4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t g\u00ec v\u1ec1 Ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t trong kinh nghi\u1ec7m s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c th\u01a1 v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh\u00a0?<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u00f5 V\u0103n \u00c1i\u00a0:<\/strong> T\u1eeb nh\u1ecf t\u00f4i c\u00f3 \u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ecdng l\u00e0m \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 sang ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t qua m\u1ed9t phong tri\u1ec1u v\u0103n h\u1ecdc m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc ti\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n chi\u1ebfn. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ecdng \u1ea5y. V\u00ec b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 c\u00f3 c\u00e1 t\u00ednh ri\u00eang, \u00edt ai mu\u1ed1n \u0111i v\u00e0o lu\u1ed3ng. Nh\u1eefng phong tri\u1ec1u v\u0103n h\u1ecdc m\u1edf ra kh\u00f4ng do \u00fd ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a ai, m\u00e0 do nhu c\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi th\u1ebf v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea9y c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n sinh. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean t\u00e0i. Th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y v\u0103n h\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u0103n h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1t sinh t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean \u00fd th\u1ee9c l\u00e0m m\u1edbi ch\u1eef ngh\u0129a Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u00f4i v\u1eabn \u0111eo \u0111u\u1ed5i v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qua c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft. N\u00f3i cho \u0111\u00fang, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m m\u1edbi, m\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u vi\u1ebft th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y ch\u1eef ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea7n ng\u00f4n, ch\u1eef l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c l\u1ed9t th\u1ea7n, hi\u1ec7n h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00fang l\u00fac, ho\u00e1 th\u00e2n theo t\u1eebng t\u00e2m c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n, tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch khu\u00f4n ph\u00e9p, s\u00e1o m\u00f2n, vang r\u1ed7ng.<\/p>\n

Ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t ng\u00e0y nay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t nguy nga, thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay, khi ta \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch b\u00e1o trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t b\u00e2y gi\u1edd r\u1ea5t T\u00e2y. \u0110\u1ecdc ng\u1edf nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i d\u1ecbch ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef v\u1ee5ng v\u1ec1. Nhan nh\u1ea3n tr\u00ean truy\u1ec1n thanh, truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh, b\u00e1o ch\u00ed trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb ng\u1eef d\u00f9ng sai, nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u v\u0103n b\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh c\u00fa, nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i ng\u1edb ng\u1ea9n, th\u00f4 b\u1ea1o. T\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t th\u00ed d\u1ee5 l\u00e0 ch\u1eef b\u1edfi<\/strong><\/em> r\u1ea5t T\u00e2y \u0111ang lan tr\u00e0n trong c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t. \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb ch\u1eef par<\/strong><\/em> trong ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p hay by<\/strong><\/em> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta vi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng T\u00e2y. H\u00e3y v\u00e0o Internet b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y nhan nh\u1ea3n nh\u1eefng v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 sau\u00a0:<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t Trang nh\u00e0 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t Trang nh\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc vi\u1ebft\u00a0:<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u0103ng b\u1edfi<\/strong> vantuyen.net on th\u00e1ng s\u00e1u 21,2009\u00a0;<\/em><\/p>\n

– Thu th\u1eadp b\u1edfi<\/strong> Tr\u1ea7n H\u1eefu D\u0169ng.<\/em><\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i sao kh\u00f4ng vi\u1ebft vantuyen.net on \u0111\u0103ng th\u00e1ng s\u00e1u 21.2009, ho\u1eb7c Tr\u1ea7n H\u1eefu D\u0169ng thu t\u1eadp\u00a0?<\/em><\/p>\n

– \u0110\u00eam 20.8.1968 xe t\u0103ng Li\u00ean x\u00f4 v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o Praha theo sau b\u1edfi<\/strong> h\u01a1n 165 ngh\u00ecn qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i Warsava.<\/em><\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i sao kh\u00f4ng vi\u1ebft\u00a0: \u0110\u00eam 20.8.1968 xe t\u0103ng Li\u00ean x\u00f4 ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o Praha v\u1edbi h\u01a1n 165 ngh\u00ecn qu\u00e2n thu\u1ed9c kh\u1ed1i Warsava\u00a0?<\/em><\/p>\n

–\tT\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i m\u1eadt b\u1edfi<\/strong> c\u01a1 quan CIA.<\/em><\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i sao kh\u00f4ng vi\u1ebft\u00a0: T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c CIA gi\u1ea3i m\u1eadt.<\/em><\/p>\n

–\tNh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u1eaft b\u1edfi<\/strong> \u0110\u1ea1i t\u00e1 Thi.<\/em><\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i sao kh\u00f4ng vi\u1ebft\u00a0: Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0110\u1ea1i t\u00e1 Thi b\u1eaft\u00a0?<\/em><\/p>\n

– Hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00fd \u1edf Moscow b\u1edfi<\/strong> Ngo\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0110\u1ee9c Joachim von Ribbentrop v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u1ec7m ph\u00eda Nga, Vyacheslav Molotov.<\/em><\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i sao kh\u00f4ng vi\u1ebft\u00a0: Ngo\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0110\u1ee9c Joachim von Ribbentrop k\u00fd Hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf Moscow v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u1ec7m ph\u00eda Nga, Vyacheslav Molotov\u00a0?<\/em><\/p>\n

–\tB\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n b\u1edfi<\/strong> 1961 Pantheon Books.<\/em><\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i sao kh\u00f4ng vi\u1ebft\u00a0: B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Pantheon Books, 1961\u00a0;<\/em><\/p>\n

–\tTr\u00edch d\u1eabn b\u1edfi<\/strong> James Hillman.<\/em><\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i sao kh\u00f4ng vi\u1ebft\u00a0: Tr\u00edch theo James Hillman\u00a0?<\/em><\/p>\n

V\u00e2n v\u00e2n v\u00e0 v\u00e2n v\u00e2n\u2026<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX va ch\u1ea1m n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u0103n nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ch\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t r\u1ee1 r\u00e0ng. Nh\u1eefng Xu\u00e2n Di\u1ec7u, Huy C\u1eadn, H\u00e0n M\u1eb7c T\u1eed, B\u00edch Kh\u00ea\u2026 nh\u1eefng Kh\u00e1i H\u01b0ng, Nh\u1ea5t Linh, Nguy\u1ec5n Tu\u00e2n\u2026 l\u00e0m n\u00ean d\u00f2ng v\u0103n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0ng r\u00f2ng ch\u1eef ngh\u0129a. Ti\u1ebfp theo m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp t\u1eeb 1945 \u0111\u1ebfn 1949, ch\u1eef ngh\u0129a l\u1ea1i chuy\u1ec3n m\u00ecnh, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i th\u01a1 m\u1edbi, \u0111\u1eb9p, rung \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n ki\u1ec3u B\u00ean kia s\u00f4ng \u0110u\u1ed1ng<\/em> c\u1ee7a Ho\u00e0ng C\u1ea7m, T\u00e2y Ti\u1ebfn<\/em> c\u1ee7a Quang D\u0169ng, \u0110\u00e8o C\u1ea3, M\u00e0u t\u00edm hoa sim<\/em> c\u1ee7a H\u1eefu Loan, \u0110\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/em> c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u00ecnh Thi, v.v… R\u1ed3i t\u1eaft ng\u00fam theo n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 50, khi \u0110\u1ea3ng Lao \u0110\u1ed9ng l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i t\u00ean C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, v\u00e0 sau kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc r\u00e8n c\u00e1n ch\u1ec9nh qu\u00e2n<\/em> c\u00f9ng phong tr\u00e0o ph\u00ea v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 ph\u00ea<\/em>. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebb tuy\u1ec1n m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f4ng n\u00f4ng binh, v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ea1i l\u00ednh. V\u0103n h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t suy t\u00e0n.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n ch\u1eef ngh\u0129a l\u00e0m t\u0103m t\u1ed1i suy t\u01b0 v\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng, n\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t. N\u00f3i t\u00f3m l\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a, v\u0103n hi\u1ebfn. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng gi\u1eefa cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a l\u1edbn. Tr\u1ecdng tr\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7m b\u00fat c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

25. L\u00ea Th\u1ecb Hu\u1ec7\u00a0: \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u 40 N\u0103m Th\u01a1 Mi\u1ec1n Nam<\/em>\u00a0? \u00d4ng ngh\u0129 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 th\u01a1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u00a0? \u0110\u00e2u l\u00e0 n\u00e9t n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a thi ca Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u00a0?<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u00f5 V\u0103n \u00c1i\u00a0:<\/strong> \u0110\u00fang l\u00e0 t\u00f4i kh\u1edfi s\u1ef1 b\u1ed9 \u201cB\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m Th\u01a1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1945 \u2013 1985\u201d<\/em> m\u00e0 t\u00f4i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Thi t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 Thi tuy\u1ec3n. Qua b\u1ed9 n\u00e0y t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n b\u1eaft c\u00e1i th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa th\u1eddi tao lo\u1ea1n, th\u1eddi kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a. D\u1ef1 tr\u00f9 b\u1ed1n t\u1eadp, nh\u01b0ng m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

Ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 Th\u01a1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 trong L\u1eddi T\u1ef1a\u00a0:<\/p>\n

\u201cThi ca l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng. T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc. Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai ph\u00e1 quy m\u00f4, c\u00f2n m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 trong nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

\u201cPh\u1ea3i t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n thi ca b\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng Vi\u1ec7t. Cho t\u1edbi nay, vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra c\u00f4ng. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00f2n trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n. Nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0y c\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n kho t\u00e0ng thi ca c\u1ed5 m\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi kho t\u00e0ng thi ca b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n. Ri\u00eang n\u1ec1n thi ca ti\u1ec1n chi\u1ebfn, coi nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 k\u1ef9 c\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi Ho\u00e0i Thanh. R\u1ed3i im b\u1eb7t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh thi ca Vi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n b\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m qua, k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp m\u00f9a thu n\u0103m 1945 (\u2026) Trong b\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m \u1ea5y, t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn ra b\u1ed1n l\u1ea7n thi ca chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng theo th\u1eddi cu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 theo t\u1eebng d\u00f2ng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1945-1954, thi ca mang m\u00e0u s\u1eafc kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1954-1963, c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 r\u1ed9 n\u1edf v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n m\u00ecnh trong t\u01b0 th\u00e1i c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn thi s\u0129 \u1edf ph\u00eda Nam v\u0129 tuy\u1ebfn 17, \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp v\u1edbi thi ca t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 mang m\u00e0u s\u1eafc ch\u00ednh lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1963-1975 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng khai ph\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec1n Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, thi ca b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o thi th\u00e1i m\u1edbi v\u1edbi n\u00e9t ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1975-1985, cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1eddi m\u00e0 k\u1ef3 th\u1eadt l\u00e0 kh\u1ed5 n\u1ea1n v\u1eeba ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng, v\u1eeba kinh khi\u1ebfp, l\u00e0m thi ca th\u00eam m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n qu\u1eb1n qu\u1ea1i, sau n\u1ed7i qu\u1eb1n qu\u1ea1i chi\u1ebfn tranh\u201d.<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>(14)<\/a> XA NH\u00c0 \u0110\u01af\u1ee2C TIN M\u1eb8 M\u1ea4T<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n

Gi\u00f3 lay hoa kh\u1ebf xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3i
\nN\u1eeda khuya tr\u0103ng r\u1ee5ng m\u1eb9 t\u00f4i qua \u0111\u1eddi
\n\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng xa \u0111\u1ea5t l\u1eef m\u1ecbt tr\u1eddi
\nM\u00f9 s\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e1 l\u1ec7 su\u1ed1i ng\u1eddi h\u00ecnh x\u01b0a
\nX\u00e9 m\u00e2y m\u1ed9t d\u1ea3i kh\u0103n th\u01b0a
\nQu\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea7u tang m\u1eb9 h\u1ed3n th\u1eeba th\u00e3i \u0111au
\nTin nh\u01b0 s\u00e9t \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ed3n mau
\nM\u00e0 sao c\u1ee9 ng\u1ee1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau m\u1eb9 c\u00f2n
\nMai n\u00e0y \u0111em t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng son
\nTr\u1edf v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea9y li\u1ebfp m\u1edbi thon th\u00f3t ng\u01b0\u1eddi
\nV\u1eafng s\u00e2n ph\u00f2ng l\u1ea1nh m\u1ed9t tr\u1eddi
\nS\u1ee5p \u0111\u00e8 xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea3 m\u00ecnh t\u00f4i m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh<\/p>\n

Ra \u0111i t\u1eeb thu\u1edf b\u00ecnh minh
\nM\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi kim ch\u1ec9 nh\u00e2n sinh r\u00e1ch m\u00f2ng
\nL\u1ed7i th\u1ec1 con n\u01b0\u1edbc long \u0111ong
\nM\u1eb9 theo c\u01a1n b\u1ec7nh. Ph\u00e1 tr\u00f2ng con xa
\nGi\u00f3 lay hoa r\u1ee5ng m\u01b0a sa
\nL\u1ea1y ba l\u1ea7n m\u1eb9 xin tha t\u1ed9i \u0111\u1eddi
\nKi\u1ebfp n\u00e0y con m\u1eb9 ra kh\u01a1i
\n\u0110em th\u00e2n ch\u1ed1ng b\u00e3o v\u1edbt ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ea7m lu\u00e2n
\nN\u00e0o hay c\u1ed1 th\u1ed5 b\u1ee5i tr\u1ea7n
\nKh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi vu\u1ed1t m\u1eaft th\u1ebf b\u00e0n tay con<\/p>\n

L\u1ea1y ba l\u1ea7n m\u1eb9. L\u00f2ng con
\nHo\u00e1 sen xin \u0111\u1ee1 ch\u00e2n son m\u1eb9 v\u1ec1<\/p>\n

\n
Thi V\u0169<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\n<\/a>(15)<\/a> Ban C\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a U\u1ef7 ban B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 Quy\u1ec1n L\u00e0m Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam g\u1ed3m c\u00f3\u00a0: Marc Blondel<\/strong> (Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch C\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u1ee3 thuy\u1ec1n Ph\u00e1p – FO), Vladimir Boukovski<\/strong> (Nh\u00e0 v\u0103n Nga), Bill Bradley<\/strong> (Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i Hoa K\u1ef3), Larry Diamond<\/strong> (Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Hoover, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Stanford), Milovan Djilas<\/strong> (Nh\u00e0 v\u0103n Nam T\u01b0), David Kilgour<\/strong> (Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i Canada), Paul Goma<\/strong> (Nh\u00e0 v\u0103n Rumania), Charles D. Gray<\/strong> (C\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n Hoa K\u1ef3 AFL-CIO), Orrin G. Hatch<\/strong> (Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i Hoa K\u1ef3), Eug\u00e8ne Ionesco<\/strong> (K\u1ecbch t\u00e1c gia, Vi\u1ec7n s\u0129 H\u00e0n l\u00e2m vi\u1ec7n Ph\u00e1p), Lane Kirkland<\/strong> (Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch C\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n Hoa K\u1ef3 AFL-CIO), Stephen Nedzynski<\/strong> (C\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n Ba Lan), Douglas Pike<\/strong> (Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Berkeley), Leonid Pliouchtch<\/strong> (Nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, Ly khai Ukraine), Chris Smith<\/strong> (D\u00e2n bi\u1ec3u Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i Hoa K\u1ef3) Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Revel<\/strong> (Tri\u1ebft gia Ph\u00e1p).<\/p>\n

<\/a>(16)<\/a> T\u1eeb th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 70, t\u00f4i c\u1ed1 \u00fd d\u00f9ng t\u1eeb \u201dNg\u01b0\u1eddi V\u01b0\u1ee3t Bi\u1ec3n\u201d thay cho t\u1eeb \u201dThuy\u1ec1n Nh\u00e2n\u201d tr\u1ef1c d\u1ecbch ch\u1eef Boat People. V\u00ec Ng\u01b0\u1eddi V\u01b0\u1ee3t Bi\u1ec3n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u00fd h\u01b0\u1edbng mang th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam ra th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, ch\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t trong Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 V\u01b0\u1ee3t. D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ta bao l\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u1ee3t lu\u1edbt m\u1ecdi hi\u1ec3m nguy, x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ebfn tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t v\u0103n hi\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

21. L\u00ea Th\u1ecb Hu\u1ec7\u00a0: Su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi \u00f4ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea1m v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u1ee9ng x\u1eed hay nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi T\u00e2y Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng\u00a0? V\u00f5 V\u0103n \u00c1i\u00a0: C\u00e1ch \u1ee9ng x\u1eed hay nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i, trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp. Khi\u00eam cung h\u1ecdc …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":458,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[89],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1397","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","","category-sach-cua-vo-van-ai"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/queme.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1397","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/queme.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/queme.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/queme.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/458"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/queme.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1397"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/queme.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1397\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/queme.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1397"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/queme.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1397"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/queme.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1397"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}