{"id":2278,"date":"2014-04-29T12:00:00","date_gmt":"2014-04-29T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/queme.org\/en\/tng-nh-ngy-30-thng-t-qua-pht-biu-ca-cc-nhn-s-quc-t-hm-nay-l-nh-bo-edith-lenart-v\/"},"modified":"2016-09-09T13:41:05","modified_gmt":"2016-09-09T13:41:05","slug":"tng-nh-ngy-30-thng-t-qua-pht-biu-ca-cc-nhn-s-quc-t-hm-nay-l-nh-bo-edith-lenart-v","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/queme.org\/vi\/tng-nh-ngy-30-thng-t-qua-pht-biu-ca-cc-nhn-s-quc-t-hm-nay-l-nh-bo-edith-lenart-v\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1edb Ng\u00e0y 30 Th\u00e1ng T\u01b0 qua ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n s\u0129 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf H\u00f4m nay l\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o Edith Lenart v\u00e0 N\u1eef Ca s\u0129 Joan Baez"},"content":{"rendered":"

PARIS, ng\u00e0y 29.4.2014 (QU\u00ca M\u1eb8) – \u0110\u1ec3 T\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1edb Ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea3o l\u1ed9n\u00a0: Ng\u00e0y 30 Th\u00e1ng T\u01b0 n\u0103m 1975, C\u01a1 s\u1edf Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9\u00a0: H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng cho D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 U\u1ef7 ban B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 Quy\u1ec1n L\u00e0m Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam cho \u0111\u0103ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng n\u0103m sau 1975 tr\u00ean T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9, ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i Paris, c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u0103n, nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o, tri\u1ebft gia, nh\u00e2n s\u0129 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf nh\u01b0 Eug\u00e8ne Ionesco, Paul Goma, Ilios Yannakakis, Andr\u00e9 Glucksmann, Leonid Plyushch, Vladimir Bukoovsky, Joan Baez, Natalya Gorbanevskaya, Jean-Marie Benoist, Brigitte Friand, Edith Lenart, Denise Dumolin, Pierre Daix, Fran\u00e7oise Giroud, Edward Behr,v.v\u2026<\/em><\/p>\n

H\u00f4m nay l\u00e0 hai b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o Edith Lenart<\/strong> c\u00f3 t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1 \u201cM\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c \u1edf Mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d<\/strong>\u00a0; v\u00e0 N\u1eef Ca s\u0129 Joan Baez<\/strong> c\u00f3 t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1 \u201cT\u00e2m Th\u01b0 v\u1ec1 Quy\u1ec1n S\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t\u201d<\/strong> \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9 hai s\u1ed1 Qu\u1ed1c Kh\u00e1ng ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i Paris ng\u00e0y 30.4.1978 v\u00e0 30.4.1979. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 Th\u1ef1c \u1edf Mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

Edith Lenart<\/p><\/div>\n

\n

L\u1eddi gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u\u00a0:<\/strong> N\u1eef k\u00fd gi\u1ea3 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, Edith Lenart, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c b\u00e1o ch\u00ed qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf g\u1eedi t\u1edbi Paris theo d\u00f5i cu\u1ed9c H\u00f2a \u0110\u00e0m Paris v\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam cu\u1ed1i th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 60. B\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c ph\u00e1i vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1edd<\/em> Far Eastern Economic Review, Sunday Times, Economist, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn gia v\u1ec1 \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 cho \u0111\u00e0i<\/em> BBC.<\/p>\n

Trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft ng\u1eafn, b\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam 48 n\u0103m qua. N\u00f3i cho \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u00e0n tay ph\u00f9 thu\u1ef7, \u0111i\u1ec7p vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ec7 Tam qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u00f3m g\u1ecdn v\u00e0 r\u00f5 n\u00e9t n\u00e0y b\u1eaft ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u1eb7ng l\u00f2ng v\u1edbi t\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c ph\u1ea3i ng\u1ea9n ng\u01a1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 th\u1eafng b\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ec7 Tam Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf qua \u0111i\u1ec7p vi\u00ean tay sai l\u00e0 \u00f4ng H\u1ed3, c\u00f3 \u00e2m m\u01b0u, c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4n t\u00ednh v\u00e0 x\u00edch ho\u00e1 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1930, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u00ean ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, n\u1eb7ng ph\u1ea7n \u1ef7 ngo\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i.<\/em><\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay, c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh b\u00ean c\u00f3 \u00e2m m\u01b0u, c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u0111ang th\u1ecdc s\u00e2u v\u00e0o n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a phe d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, trong c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea7y \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ecnh t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/strong>, m\u1ed9t b\u1ea7y D\u01b0 lu\u1eadn vi\u00ean<\/strong>, ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam vi\u1ebft b\u00e0i \u0111\u00e2m b\u1ecb th\u00f3c ch\u1ecdc b\u1ecb g\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n ho\u00e1, chia x\u00e9 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng tranh \u0111\u1ea5u. L\u00e0m cho c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed1 k\u1ef5 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n kia, \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i n\u00e0y k\u00e8n c\u1ef1a v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i n\u1ecd, t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay, ph\u00eda d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u1eabn b\u00e2ng qu\u01a1 ch\u1ee5p m\u0169 cho \u0111\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y, t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o kia l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t Mi\u1ec1n Nam, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 \u00fd th\u1ee9c th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn con c\u1edd, th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn tay sai tr\u00ean s\u1ea5n kh\u1ea5u ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. V\u00f4 h\u00ecnh trung ch\u1ee5p l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng ai l\u00e0 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfc m\u0169 C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 b\u1ec1 tri\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i nhau, l\u00e0m y\u1ebfu \u0111i l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh kh\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft cho ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 ho\u00e1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam. C\u00f9ng l\u00e0 g\u00e0o g\u1ecdi d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n, m\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng cho nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 l\u1ea1i h\u00e3m h\u1ea1i nhau, tranh ch\u1ea5p nhau nh\u01b0 s\u1eebng v\u1edbi \u0111u\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

Mu\u1ed1n g\u00ec th\u00ec mu\u1ed1n, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 k\u1ebf s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, m\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ecdi li\u00ean minh v\u1edbi k\u1ebb th\u00f9 d\u00f9 v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh hay c\u1ed1 \u00fd, d\u00f9 n\u1ea1i c\u1edb n\u00e0y hay c\u1edb n\u1ecd. Lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a nh\u00e2n danh \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh danh\u00a0!<\/p>\n

B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t k\u00fd gi\u1ea3 ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c b\u00e0y ra cho ch\u00fang ta nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u g\u1ed1c, nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang ta t\u1ec9nh t\u00e1o s\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfn th\u1ee7, khi l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh \u0111ang tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi d\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea5t h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef S.<\/em><\/p>\n

Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9<\/div>\n
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Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e0y B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t c\u01b0\u1ee1ng chi\u1ebfm Mi\u1ec1n Nam, m\u1ea5y ai ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng sau khi chi\u1ebfn tranh ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t, th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qu\u00e1 kh\u00e1c xa v\u1edbi l\u1eddi h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00fang ra th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i \u0111au th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1i Mi\u1ec1n Nam. T\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u minh ch\u1ee9ng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 \u00ea ch\u1ec1 v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn t\u00e0n \u00e1c v\u00e0 d\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng \u0111\u1eb3ng, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb v\u00f9i ch\u00f4n d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n v\u1edbi chi\u00eau b\u00e0i \u00ab\u00a0H\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, H\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, v\u00e0 T\u1ef1 do d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7.\u00a0\u00bb<\/em><\/p>\n

C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Ngo\u00e0i ra, C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n khai th\u00e1c tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0o m\u00ea h\u1ed3n tr\u1eadn, \u1edf \u0111\u00f3, l\u1ed1i tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u00e1n ch\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 \u00e1m. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 v\u00ec mu\u1ed1n r\u00fat lui kh\u1ecfi Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p mu\u1ed1n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Mi\u1ec1n Nam sau khi M\u1ef9 r\u00fat lui, n\u00ean c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh con m\u1ed3i ngon c\u1ee7a \u1ea3o v\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Hi\u1ec7p \u0110\u1ecbnh \u0110\u00ecnh Chi\u1ebfn Paris n\u0103m 1973\u00a0\u00bb t\u1ea1o c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i hi h\u1eefu cho C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm Mi\u1ec1n Nam. Theo Hi\u1ec7p \u0110\u1ecbnh th\u00ec M\u1ef9 ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat kh\u1ecfi Mi\u1ec1n Nam, tuy nhi\u00ean v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft, n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, v\u1ea5n n\u1ea1n \u0111\u1eb7t ra l\u00e0 ai s\u1ebd cai tr\u1ecb Mi\u1ec1n Nam?<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ecm cho Mi\u1ec1n Nam m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Thi\u1ec7u, Ch\u00ednh Ph\u1ee7 C\u00e1ch M\u1ea1ng L\u00e2m Th\u1eddi C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n s\u1ebd c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00ab\u00a0trung l\u1eadp\u00a0\u00bb th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t \u00ab\u00a0\u1ee6y Ban H\u00f2a Gi\u1ea3i D\u00e2n T\u1ed9c\u00a0\u00bb. \u1ee6y Ban n\u00e0y s\u1ebd b\u1ea7u ra ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ea1i Mi\u1ec1n Nam, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1ed5ng tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp t\u1ea1i Mi\u1ec1n Nam.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trung l\u1eadp hay l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee9 ba\u00a0\u00bb l\u00e0 con \u0111\u1ebb c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p. L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng th\u00e2n ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Thi\u1ec7u c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u00e2n C\u1ed9ng, \u0111a s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u vong t\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p hy v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng qua s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y, khi n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh \u1edf Mi\u1ec1n Nam, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u1ee6y Ban H\u00f2a Gi\u1ea3i D\u00e2n T\u1ed9c kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh. \u0110\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Saigon c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ee7a phe C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd ngay c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 \u00ab\u00a0l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee9 ba trung l\u1eadp\u00a0\u00bb. \u0110inh B\u00e1 Thi, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n Ch\u00ednh Ph\u1ee7 L\u00e2m Th\u1eddi, \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1975 l\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee9 ba \u00ab\u00a0\u0111ang \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c tranh \u0111\u1ea5u cho h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng d\u00e2n ch\u00fang\u00a0\u00bb<\/em>, \u00f4ng ta nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u00ab\u00a0s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o Mi\u1ec1n Nam.\u00a0\u00bb<\/em> Nh\u01b0ng khi \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n Saigon y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u00f4ng Thi \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt, m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u00ab\u00a0trung l\u1eadp\u00a0\u00bb, ho\u1eb7c cho bi\u1ebft danh s\u00e1ch nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt n\u00e0y th\u00ec \u00f4ng Thi kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, Hi\u1ec7p \u0110\u1ecbnh Paris c\u0169ng mang nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m. Hi\u1ec7p \u0110\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00f9ng n\u00e0o thu\u1ed9c phe n\u00e0o ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. \u1ee6y Ban Ki\u1ec3m So\u00e1t g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 Hung Gia L\u1ee3i, Ba Lan, Gia N\u00e3 \u0110\u1ea1i v\u00e0 Nam D\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0o ng\u0103n ch\u1eadn nh\u1eefng vi ph\u1ea1m ng\u01b0ng b\u1eafn, v\u00ec h\u1ecd b\u1ecb tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n \u00ab\u00a0ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi phe ph\u00e1i m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

Theo Hi\u1ec7p \u0110\u1ecbnh th\u00ec s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 cho Mi\u1ec1n Nam s\u1ebd ng\u01b0ng, khi ng\u01b0ng b\u1eafn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u0129 nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd x\u1ea3y ra, nh\u1edd th\u1ebf, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 \u1ed3 \u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0 v\u0169 kh\u00ed v\u00e0o Mi\u1ec1n Nam.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, thi h\u00e0nh Hi\u1ec7p \u0110\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng mang l\u1ee3i l\u1ed9c cho phe n\u00e0o c\u1ea3. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Thi\u1ec7u th\u00ec s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i chia s\u1ebb quy\u1ec1n h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u1edbi C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n. C\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i th\u00ec c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t Mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, m\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t trong h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qua t\u1eebng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1920, khi Qu\u1ed1c T\u1ebf C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n (Cominterm) g\u1ecdi H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u1ebfn H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c phe nh\u00f3m C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n \u0111ang ch\u1ed1ng nhau, th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, th\u00ec v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu. M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n trong Hi\u1ebfn Ph\u00e1p 1960 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n Ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a n\u00eau r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng: “N\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t, t\u1eeb L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn C\u00e0 Mau” v\u00e0 cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay ch\u01b0a m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u00e0o H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn x\u00e1c t\u00edn \u1ea5y.<\/p>\n

Khi chi\u1ebfn tranh b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1960, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u1edf Mi\u1ec1n Nam.<\/p>\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ng\u1ea7m t\u1ea1i Mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed3i sinh d\u01b0\u1edbi danh hi\u1ec7u C\u1ee5c Trung \u01af\u01a1ng Nam B\u1ed9. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean cao c\u1ea5p trong Ban Ch\u1ea5p H\u00e0nh Trung \u01af\u01a1ng v\u00e0 Trung \u01af\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng B\u1ed9 mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc (\u0110\u1ea3ng Lao \u0110\u1ed9ng) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao l\u00e3nh tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n. Ban Ch\u1ea5p H\u00e0nh Trung \u01af\u01a1ng \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n t\u1ea1i Mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u00e1ch M\u1ea1ng Nh\u00e2n D\u00e2n<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 1961, tr\u00e1ch v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng C\u00e1ch M\u1ea1ng Nh\u00e2n D\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong m\u1ed9t quy\u1ebft ngh\u1ecb m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Trung \u01af\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng B\u1ed9 r\u1eb1ng \u00ab\u00a0…\u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t danh x\u01b0ng…, ph\u00e2n b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Mi\u1ec1n Nam ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng Lao \u0110\u1ed9ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Trung \u01af\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng B\u1ed9 do ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o.\u00a0\u00bb<\/em> Vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y h\u00e0nh ch\u00e1nh trong nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u00ab\u00a0gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng\u00a0\u00bb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao cho \u00ab\u00a0\u1ee6y ban H\u00e0nh ch\u00e1nh\u00a0\u00bb c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng C\u00e1ch M\u1ea1ng Nh\u00e2n D\u00e2n.
\nCu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1967, v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 M\u1eadu Th\u00e2n, Ph\u1ea1m H\u00f9ng, nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ee9ng h\u00e0ng th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Trung \u01af\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng B\u1ed9, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c ph\u00e1i v\u00e0o Mi\u1ec1n Nam. Ph\u1ea1m H\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao ph\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o C\u1ee5c Trung \u01af\u01a1ng Nam B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 gi\u1eef ch\u1ee9c b\u00ed th\u01b0 \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u00e1ch M\u1ea1ng Nh\u00e2n D\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u1ee6y Vi\u00ean Ch\u00ednh Tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eadn Gi\u1ea3i Ph\u00f3ng Mi\u1ec1n Nam.<\/p>\n

Th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 1969, Ch\u00ednh Ph\u1ee7 C\u00e1ch M\u1ea1ng L\u00e2m Th\u1eddi Mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n t\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i Ngh\u1ecb Paris. V\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u1ea5p th\u00ec ch\u1ee9c Ch\u1ee7 T\u1ecbch Ch\u00ednh Ph\u1ee7 C\u00e1ch M\u1ea1ng L\u00e2m Th\u1eddi Mi\u1ec1n Nam Hu\u1ef3nh T\u1ea5n Ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 B\u1ed9 Tr\u01b0\u1edfng Ngo\u1ea1i Giao Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb B\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi huy\u1ec7n \u1ee7y hay t\u1ec9nh \u1ee7y.<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t d\u00f9ng m\u1ecdi n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn Ch\u00ednh Ph\u1ee7 C\u00e1ch M\u1ea1ng L\u00e2m Th\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng b\u00ean trong th\u00ec H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd cho ph\u00e9p Ch\u00ednh Ph\u1ee7 C\u00e1ch M\u1ea1ng L\u00e2m Th\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c quy\u1ec1n, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n

C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n g\u00e2y \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t, nh\u01b0 h\u1ecd t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng cu\u1ed9c \u00ab\u00a0\u0111\u1ea5u tranh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng Mi\u1ec1n Nam ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp.\u00a0\u00bb H\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng t\u01b0 1975, \u0110\u1ea1i S\u1ee9 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p, V\u00f5 V\u0103n Sung, \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4n kh\u00e9o thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi h\u1eefu tr\u00e1ch \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec7n Elys\u00e9e l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu Thi\u1ec7u t\u1eeb ch\u1ee9c th\u00ec s\u1ebd tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cu\u1ed9c t\u1eafm m\u00e1u t\u1ea1i Saigon, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t hai mi\u1ec1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n. V\u00f5 V\u0103n Sung \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh l\u00e0 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh Ph\u1ee7 C\u00e1ch M\u1ea1ng L\u00e2m Th\u1eddi s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng thi h\u00e0nh nghi\u00eam ch\u1ec9nh Hi\u1ec7p \u0110\u1ecbnh Paris g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 ng\u01b0ng b\u1eafn t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7, t\u1ed5ng tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i Mi\u1ec1n Nam. Sung nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 Thi\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb ch\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eafn ti\u1ebfng cho Hoa Th\u1ecbnh \u0110\u1ed1n, v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i Saigon, \u0110\u1ea1i S\u1ee9 Ph\u00e1p, Jean-Marie M\u00e9rillon \u0111em s\u1ee9c thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ea1i S\u1ee9 Hoa K\u1ef3 Graham Martin l\u00e0 Thi\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3i ra \u0111i. M\u00e9rillon n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 D\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0103n Minh thay th\u1ebf, th\u00ec phe C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n m\u1edbi ch\u1ecbu th\u01b0\u01a1ng thuy\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

Thi\u1ec7u ra \u0111i, \u00ab\u00a0Big Minh\u00a0\u00bb thay th\u1ebf, v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y 30 th\u00e1ng 4 s\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 324 c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o Saigon.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00fang 12g15, gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u1edd c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eadn Gi\u1ea3i Ph\u00f3ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o l\u00ean tr\u00ean dinh \u0110\u1ed9c L\u1eadp v\u00e0 \u00ab\u00a0Big Minh\u00a0\u00bb li\u1ec1n b\u1ecb qu\u1ea3n th\u00fac t\u1ea1i gia.<\/p>\n

Tuy v\u1eady, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nu\u00f4i \u1ea3o v\u1ecdng, r\u1eb1ng Mi\u1ec1n Nam trong m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai l\u00e2u d\u00e0i s\u1ebd c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 kinh t\u1ebf, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u00e1 bi\u1ec7t. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t n\u0103m sau, Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t. Ngay c\u1ea3 sau khi th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf, Mi\u1ec1n Nam s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb t\u1eadp s\u1ea3n h\u00f3a, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n s\u1ebd hoan ngh\u00eanh vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7p th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng thu ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m, tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n g\u00e2y s\u1ef1 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng qua cung c\u00e1ch b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n ch\u00fang Mi\u1ec1n Nam, C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i v\u00f4 s\u1ea3n tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u00f5i Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

V\u00ec th\u1ebf, su\u1ed1t ba n\u0103m k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y “gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng” Mi\u1ec1n Nam, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f3ng khung trong vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u00ean ch\u00ednh v\u00f4 s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 “h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i” c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n h\u00f3a v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch n\u00e0y, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u00e0nh, canh n\u00f4ng, th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e3i v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u00f3a v\u00e0 t\u1eadp s\u1ea3n h\u00f3a. M\u1ed9t c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp trong \u0111\u00f3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1ecb \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 N\u01b0\u1edbc ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 nu\u00f4i \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khi th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 Nam T\u01b0, tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf th\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 hai th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf kh\u00e1c h\u1eb3n, v\u00ec X\u00e3 H\u1ed9i Ch\u1ee7 Ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a Nam T\u01b0 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

Edith Lenart<\/strong>,
\nvi\u1ebft ri\u00eang cho T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9, s\u1ed1 30.4.1978<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

T\u00e2m Th\u01b0 v\u1ec1 Quy\u1ec1n S\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

Joan C. Baez<\/p><\/div>\n

\n

L\u1eddi gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u\u00a0:<\/strong> Nh\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c Nh\u1ea1c v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 N\u1eef Ca s\u0129 n\u1ed5i danh c\u1ee7a Hoa k\u1ef3. Ch\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb hoan ngh\u00eanh v\u00e0 y\u00eau chu\u1ed9ng th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 60, nh\u1eefng n\u0103m xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n r\u1ea7m r\u1ed9 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00e1c phong tr\u00e0o b\u1ea5t b\u1ea1o \u0111\u00f4ng, t\u00e2m linh, ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

Joan Baez l\u00e0 th\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u cho n\u1ed7i l\u00f2ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng h\u00e1t c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 tr\u1ebb m\u1ea5t ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0o tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi do hai khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng T\u1ea3 – H\u1eefu \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh. V\u1edbi tinh th\u1ea7n t\u1eeb bi, b\u1ea5t b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng, ch\u1ecb h\u00e1t ca ch\u1ed1ng chi\u1ebfn tranh, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea7m t\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u cho ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1. Nh\u01b0ng sau chuy\u1ebfn vi\u1ebfng th\u0103m H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, sau khi th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 nh\u1ea7n quy\u1ec1n b\u1ecb H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i ch\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1p tr\u1eafng tr\u1ee3n t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ch\u1ecb d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng. N\u0103m 1979, ch\u1ecb k\u00fd t\u00ean b\u1ee9c Th\u01b0 Ng\u1ecf g\u1eedi ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u1edbi ch\u1eef k\u00fd \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a 79 c\u1ef1u ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfn M\u1ef9 \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean b\u00e1o New York Times ng\u00e0y 1.6.1979 \u0111\u00f2i B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t th\u1ea3 t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n chinh tr\u1ecb. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u00fd t\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn, ve v\u00e3n, g\u00e2y hoang mang, dao \u0111\u1ed9ng xin r\u00fat t\u00ean. Nh\u01b0ng Joan Baez kh\u00f4ng nao n\u00fang, nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed9, ch\u1ecb n\u00f3i\u00a0:<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Th\u00e0 sau n\u00e0y, n\u1ebfu bi\u1ebft m\u00ecnh b\u1ecb l\u1eeba, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd xin l\u1ed7i ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, c\u00f2n h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 cho m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c b\u1ecb l\u1ea7m than trong \u00e1p b\u1ee9c\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n

B\u1ee9c T\u00e2m Th\u01b0 g\u1eedi cho T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9 b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng b\u1edb Th\u01b0 Ng\u1ecf tr\u00ean b\u00e1o New York Times, ch\u1ecb \u0111\u1ee9ng h\u1eb3n v\u00e0o trung t\u00e2m h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c c\u1ee9u nguy ch\u00fang ta \u2014 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng lu\u1eadn t\u1ea1i Hoa k\u1ef3, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 gi\u1edbi Ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfn M\u1ef9 c\u00f2n tr\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea7y m\u1eb7c c\u1ea3m, kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m t\u1ef1 th\u00fa sai l\u1ea7m qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c thu\u1ef5 mi\u00ean trong c\u1ea3m th\u1ee9c k\u1ef3 qu\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 khuynh \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi v\u00e0 l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu.<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfn Joan Baez nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf ch\u00fang ta nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn \u2014 Ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m \u2014 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c phong tr\u00e0o g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfn trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1eeba qua. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t phong tr\u00e0o Ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 Ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfn do Li\u00ean X\u00f4 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u gi\u1eadt d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, m\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau Giai c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ed1ng \u0110\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n, \u0110\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9, v.v\u2026<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t phong tr\u00e0o Ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 Ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfn t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi trong tinh th\u1ea7n nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n, khi th\u1ea5y tr\u00f9ng tr\u00f9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ebft th\u1ea3m d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00e0n bom l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea1n. H\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee9u con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng theo phe \u0111\u1ea3ng. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p Joan Baez l\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng cho r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfn th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 60 \u2013 70. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c minh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ea7m s\u00fang chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u trong tinh th\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfn cao \u0111\u1ed9. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 chi\u1ebfn gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi. H\u1ecd b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 v\u00e0 v\u0103n ho\u00e1 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u0103n minh Vi\u1ec7t Nam tr\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2m l\u0103ng hung h\u00e3n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i s\u1ef1 ch\u00e9m gi\u1ebft, nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ec3u t\u1ecf c\u00f4ng khai c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed1i cao c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, \u0110\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t T\u0103ng Th\u1ed1ng Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, Th\u00edch T\u1ecbnh Khi\u1ebft, qua Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p Xu\u00e2n K\u1ef7 D\u1eadu, 1969, v\u1ec1 \u00ab\u00a0Ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u00a0\u00bb, v\u00e0 Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p Ph\u1eadt \u0110\u1ea3n 2513 -1969, v\u1ec1 \u00ab\u00a0S\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh Ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n

Joan Baez \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 v\u00e0 ho\u00e0 nh\u1eadp v\u1edbi tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/em><\/p>\n

Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9<\/div>\n
\n

\nAnh V\u00f5 V\u0103n \u00c1i v\u00e0 B\u1ea1n \u0110\u1ecdc Qu\u00ea Me th\u00e2n m\u1ebfn,<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i v\u1eeba vi\u1ebft xong m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i ng\u1eafn v\u00e0 hy v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u1edd b\u00e1o Hoa K\u1ef3. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u00e0i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ea5t b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang t\u00f4i, nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00f3i chung, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea9y ra cho hai phe trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh dai d\u1eb3ng \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Sau khi d\u1eabn ch\u1ee9ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u00eau r\u00f5 th\u1ea3m tr\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 Nh\u00e2n-quy\u1ec1n \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u00fd ki\u1ebfn, theo t\u00f4i, b\u1edfi \u0111\u00e2u s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e3 h\u00f3a ra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng m\u1ea5y suy ngh\u0129 sau \u0111\u00e2y\u00a0:<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 t\u00f4i thu\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec1u phong tr\u00e0o h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh t\u1eeb th\u1eadp ni\u00ean s\u00e1u m\u01b0\u01a1i ch\u01b0a ch\u1ecbu ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean. T\u00f4i c\u0169ng v\u1eady. Nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111ang k\u1ebft l\u1ea1i, ph\u01a1i ra m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m kh\u1ea3m tai \u01b0\u01a1ng b\u00e0y ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eadp v\u00e0o tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng ta. C\u00f2n g\u00ec n\u1eefa m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9nh ng\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ai \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u hy v\u1ecdng v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. T\u00f4i c\u0169ng v\u1eady, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 hy v\u1ecdng bi\u1ebft bao\u00a0; nh\u01b0ng l\u1ed1i x\u1eed th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi khi\u1ebfn t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i\u1ec1u hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean bu\u1ed3n th\u1ea3m.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0N\u00f3i c\u00f3 v\u1ebb k\u1ef3 c\u1ee5c, nh\u01b0ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 d\u00ednh li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi t\u00f4i. V\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ee9ng b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh nh\u1eefng th\u00f4n d\u00e2n trong l\u00e0ng m\u1ea1c, nh\u0169ng k\u1ebb l\u00e0m l\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng v\u0103n, thi, nh\u1ea1c, h\u1ecda, k\u1ecbch t\u00e1c gia, nh\u1eefng b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 nu\u00f4i con, nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb mong \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i h\u00f3ng gi\u00f3 b\u00ean b\u1edd s\u00f4ng Saigon.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0T\u00f4i x\u00f3t xa tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i s\u1ebd l\u00e0m h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 thu\u1ed9c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00f4i, \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u1edbn tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng n\u00f3i l\u00ean trong th\u1eadp ni\u00ean s\u00e1u m\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec3 cho c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n s\u1ed1ng\u00a0; ng\u00e0y nay, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 cho d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n s\u1ed1ng. T\u00f4i s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 cho b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 n\u01a1i n\u00e0o nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n b\u1ecb ch\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1p hay b\u1ecb qu\u00ean l\u00e3ng.\u00a0\u00bb<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u0111o\u00e1n bi\u1ebft, b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1eefa tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c nh\u1eafm t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ch\u00fa \u00fd t\u1edbi n\u1ed7i kh\u1ed1n kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

H\u00e3y tin v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh th\u00e2n \u00e1i ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

Joan C. BAEZ<\/strong><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

PARIS, ng\u00e0y 29.4.2014 (QU\u00ca M\u1eb8) – \u0110\u1ec3 T\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1edb Ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea3o l\u1ed9n\u00a0: Ng\u00e0y 30 Th\u00e1ng T\u01b0 n\u0103m 1975, C\u01a1 s\u1edf Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9\u00a0: H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng cho D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 U\u1ef7 ban B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 Quy\u1ec1n L\u00e0m Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam cho \u0111\u0103ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng n\u0103m sau 1975 tr\u00ean T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":375,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[67],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2278","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","","category-tin-ubbvqlnvn"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/queme.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2278","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/queme.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/queme.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/queme.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/375"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/queme.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2278"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/queme.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2278\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/queme.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2278"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/queme.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2278"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/queme.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2278"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}